1.An investigator is interested in whether individuals that fit the Type A Behavior Pattern (highly competitive and time conscious) will have different scores on a questionnaire measure of need for achievement than individuals that fit the Type B Behavior pattern (absence of Type A qualities). The investigator collects need for achievement scores from 10 Type A subjects and 10 Type B subjects. Higher scores reflect greater levels of need for achievement.

a.What are the null and research hypotheses for examining this? (2 points)

b.What is the proper statistical test to use? (1 point)

c.Is the test statistically significant? (1 point)

d.Write one/two sentences that describe what you found when you ran the analysis. Remember, your sentence(s) should be descriptive so that someone reading your sentence(s) would understand what the research study is about and what the findings were. Remember that a complete sentence will include many parameters: means, standard deviations, r, t, and/or f values, degrees of freedom, and/or statistical significance. Not all of these parameters are relevant for all statistical tests. Be sure to provide the proper information for the statistical test that was chosen. (3 points)

Type AType B

128

1010

85

117

158

125

94

167

118

810

Use the following data for the Questions 2 and 3:

ID

Gender

Age

Religion

Income

1

1

32

1

$25,000

2

2

37

2

$20,000

3

2

72

2

$50,000

4

2

86

3

$75,000

5

1

30

1

$12,000

6

1

32

2

$45,000

7

2

29

1

$150,000

8

1

29

3

$35,000

9

2

53

1

$14,500

10

1

68

3

$65,000

11

2

72

2

$85,000

12

1

22

3

$20,000

Variable descriptions:

ID - Respondent's identification number

Gender - Respondent's gender

1 = Male

2 = Female

Age - Respondent's age

Religion - Respondent's religious affiliation

1 = Protestant

2 = Catholic

3 = Jewish

Income - Respondent's income in dollars per year

2.The investigator is interested in examining the relationship between age and income.

a.What are the null and research hypothesis for examining this relationship? (2 points)

b.What is the proper statistical test to use? (1 point)

c.Is the test statistically significant? (1 point)

d.Write one/two sentences that describe what you found when you ran the analysis. Remember, your sentence(s) should be descriptive so that someone reading your sentence(s) would understand what the research study is about and what the findings were. Remember that a complete sentence will include many parameters: means, standard deviations, r, t, and/or f values, degrees of freedom, and/or statistical significance. Not all of these parameters are relevant for all statistical tests. Be sure to provide the proper information for the statistical test that was chosen. (3 points)

3.The investigator wants to know if there are differences in a person's income based on what religious group they are affiliated with.

a.What are the null and research hypothesis for examining this?

(2 points)

b.What is the proper statistical test to use? (1 point)

c.Is the test statistically significant? (1 point)

d.Write one/two sentences that describe what you found when you ran the analysis. Remember, your sentence(s) should be descriptive so that someone reading your sentence(s) would understand what the research study is about and what the findings were. Remember that a complete sentence will include many parameters: means, standard deviations, r, t, and/or f values, degrees of freedom, and/or statistical significance. Not all of these parameters are relevant for all statistical tests. Be sure to provide the proper information for the statistical test that was chosen. (3 points)

Use the following data for Question 4:

ID

Baseline

(Pre-Prozac)

Post-Test

(After-Prozac)

1

3

5

2

0

1

3

6

5

4

7

7

5

4

10

6

3

9

7

2

7

8

1

11

9

4

8

4.An investigator wants to test the effect of Prozac on the well-being of individuals with depression, using a standardized well-being scale. The scale ranges from 0-20 with higher scores indicative of greater well-being. The individuals are given the well-being scale prior to beginning Prozac and then given the well-being scale again after having been on Prozac for 6 weeks.

a.What are the null and research hypotheses for examining this? (2 points)

b.What is the proper statistical test to use? (1 point)

c.Is the test statistically significant? (1 point)

d.Write one/two sentences that describe what you found when you ran the analysis. Remember, your sentence(s) should be descriptive so that someone reading your sentence(s) would understand what the research study is about and what the findings were. Remember that a complete sentence will include many parameters: means, standard deviations, r, t, and/or f values, degrees of freedom, and/or statistical significance. Not all of these parameters are relevant for all statistical tests. Be sure to provide the proper information for the statistical test that was chosen. (3 points)

5.Please explain the difference between statistical significance and clinical significance. It may be helpful in your explanation to discuss the importance of calculating effect sizes in addition to statistical significance tests. (2 points)