1. Attached is an analysis of variance where social class (class) is the independent variable and the ideal number of children people think a family should have (chldidel) is the dependent variable. Review the results and then focus on the Tukey post-hoc test on the bottom. In a few sentences, interpret the results of the Tukey post-hoc test and describe the relationship between social class and opinions on ideal number of children.

. . . X hw25tukey2.pdf 100% + data . aovi summary (data . aov1) Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr (>F) gss123$confed 2 58 29. 000 3. 18 0. 042 * Residuals 1122 10232 9. 119 Signif. codes: 0 ' * **' 0. 001 \\ **' 0.01 * *' 0.05 . .' 0.1 1 63689 observations deleted due to missingness > by (gss123$numpets, gss123$confed, mean, na. rm=T) gss123$confed: A great deal [1] 2. 180556 gss123$confed: Only some [1] 1. 813953 gss123$confed: Hardly any [1] 1. 505906 > TukeyHSD (data . aov1) Tukey multiple comparisons of means 95% family-wise confidence level Fit: aov (formula = gss123$numpets ~ gss123$confed, data = gss123) $ gss123$confed diff 1wr upr p adj Only some-A great deal -0. 3666021 -1. 0411188 0. 30791470 0. 4093311 Hardly any-A great deal -0. 6746500 -1.3437218 -0. 00557831 0. 0475844 Hardly any-Only some -0. 3080480 -0. 7608768 0. 14478085 0.2475495 w25tukey2.pdf Show all O L w 9 X 1:31 PM 11/21/2021. . . X > data. aovi summary (data. aov1) Of Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr ()F) gss123$class 3 140 46.52 15.84 0. 000000000275 * * * Residuals 39008 114599 2.94 Signif. codes: 0 ***/ 0.001 \\ **/ 0.01 \\*/ 0.05 \\ .' 0.1 ' ' 1 25802 observations deleted due to missingness > by (gss123$chldidel, gss123$class, mean, na. rm=T) gss123$class: Lower class [1] 3.173238 gss123$class: Working class [1] 2.967652 gss123$class: Middle class [1] 2.942988 gss123$class: Upper class [1] 3.109032 > TukeyHSD (data. aov1) Tukey multiple comparisons of means 958 family-wise confidence level Fit: aov (formula = gss123$chldidel ~ gss123$class, data = gss123) $'gss123$class diff 1wr upr p adj Working class-Lower class -0.20558624 -0.29944160 -0.11173088 0. 0000001 Middle class-Lower class -0.23024951 -0.32423830 -0.13626072 0.0000000 Upper class-Lower class -0.06420602 -0.21749784 0. 08908580 0. 7041972 Middle class-Working class -0. 02466327 -0. 07155817 0. 02223163 0.5302480 Upper class-Working class 0.14138022 0.01152022 0.27124023 0. 0265184 Upper class-Middle class 0.16604349 0.03608702 0.29599996 0.0056781 4 O L w 1:32 PM 11/21/2021