1. 1. Calculate for each companys short-term borrowing as a percentage of current liabilities for Year 2017, 2018 and 2019
2. 2. What are short-term borrowings, and what role do they play in working capital management?

Qantas Airways Limited Year 2016 2019 2017 2018 AU $ Millions 14,665 15,839 16,200 16,667 Sales Revenue Expenditure incurred (Operating material used and other expenditure=COGS) Net Profit 4,818 5,660 3,336 1,029 5,181 953 853 891 1,775 2,157 1,980 795 1,694 715 784 971 Cash and cash equivalents Receivables Inventories (aircraft operating materials) Other current assets Total Current Assets 336 351 351 364 701 347 209 878 3,458 3,119 3,638 4,193 2,067 3,685 Payables Revenue received in advance Short-term borrowings Other current liabilities Total Current Liabilities 1,986 3,525 338 1,179 7,028 2,220 4,018 404 330 1,013 2,470 4,315 635 1,156 8,576 958 7,095 7,600 Purchases 10,332 9,949 10,413 10,856 2019 Year 2016 14,131 Viva Energy Limited Sales Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Net Profit Yr 2017 13,905 12,158 580 2018 16,395 14,843 467 12,712 1,219 16,541 15,075 695 426 164 108 127 950 909 Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivables Inventories Other current assets Total Current Assets 1,036 650 965 1011 1,004 1,195 302 2,628 105 286 398 2,426 2,217 2,365 1,360 585 619 744 7 246 7 135 Accounts payables Short-term borrowings Other current liabilities Total Current Liabilities 292 1,301 2,132 1,427 2,053 1,566 2,445 1,659 Purchases 12,690 14,229 15,697 15,164 Year 2016 Yr 2017 2018 2019 Webjet Limited Sales Revenue Net Profit 152 218 291 366 21 61 87 124 Cash and cash equivalents 116 178 190 211 81 117 252 347 Receivables Other current assets Total Current Assets 9 35 37 35 206 330 499 593 147 153 191 250 Payables Short-term borrowings Other current liabilities 38 13 32 18 13 55 280 348 Total Current Liabilities 198 225 503 616 Purchases 350 545 412 467 Revenue is the commission or margin received as a percentage of travel services booked. 2Purchases include the total value of travel services from providers which have been 'bought' wholesale by Webjet