1. Consider a product the gives consumers a monetary benefit of B if it functions as advertised, but which yields zero benefit if it "fails." Let a be the probability that it functions and 1- the probability that it fails. Also let P = the purchase price, R = the refund the firm offers in the event of product failure, and W = the consumer's initial wealth. Finally, suppose the consumer has a utility function over wealth given by U(), where U'S0 and U"