1) Data 4-12 has cross section data for 50 states and Washington D.C. for mortality rates and their determinants. The Y variable is MORT (Total
1) Data 4-12 has cross section data for 50 states and Washington D.C. for mortality rates and their determinants. The Y variable is MORT (Total Mortality rate per 100,000 population).
The explanatory variables are:
INCC = per capita income by state in dollars
POV = proportion of families living below the poverty level
EDU1 = proportion of population completing four years of high school.EDU2 = proportion of population completing four years or more of college.
ALCC = Per-capita consumption of alcohol in gallons.
TOBC = per-capita consumption of cigarettes in packs.
HEXC = healthcare expenditures per capita in $.PHYS= physicians per 100,000 population.
URB = proportion of population living in urban areas.
AGED = Proportion of population over the age of 65.
Do not include in the regression variables that are not in this list.
a) For each explanatory variable, explain why it might have a causal effect on mortality (explain why it is + or -).
b) Run the regression model. Do the signs of the coefficients coincide with your intuition? Identify the ones that do not.
MORT INCC POV EDU1 EDU2 ALCC TOBC HEXC PHYS URB AGED 934.9 10673 0.189 0.565 0.122 1.9 114.5 1620 142 0.675 0.122 396.2 18187 0.107 0.825 0.211 3.86 128.9 1667 127 0.417 0.034 771.5 12795 0.132 0.724 0.174 3.0 107.1 1473 184 0.764 0.123 1022.8 10476 0.19 0.555 0.108 1.78 125.8 1552 136 0.397 0.149 766 16065 0.114 0.735 0.196 3.19 102.8 2069 235 0.957 0.106 625.7 14812 0. 101 0.786 0.23 3.09 112.4 1664 196 0.817 0.09 888.4 18089 0.08 0.703 0.207 2.8 111 1945 275 0.926 0.133 880.2 14272 0.119 0.686 0.175 3.17 144.5 1691 185 0.659 0.114 1120.5 18168 0. 186 0.671 0.275 5.34 122.1 3872 552 0.122 1065.6 13742 0.135 0.667 0.149 3.12 124.2 1886 191 0.908 0.177 814.3 12543 0.166 0.564 0.146 2.48 128.8 1755 159 0.648 0.1 554.2 13814 0.099 0.738 0.203 2.97 69.8 1693 212 0.763 0.097 708.7 11120 0. 126 0.737 0.158 2.43 100.7 1288 118 0.2 0.112 886.5 14738 0.11 0.665 0.162 2.77 121.6 1864 199 0.825 0.12 876.3 12446 0.097 0.664 0.125 2.19 135.3 1625 142 0.681 0.119 966.1 12594 0. 101 0.715 .139 2.09 109.4 1758 136 0.434 0.145 900.3 13775 0.101 0.733 0.17 1.95 115.7 1820 162 0.534 0.134 935 10824 0.176 0.531 0.111 1.85 182.4 1404 149 0.461 0.12 825.4 11274 0. 186 0.577 0.139 2.63 125 173 0.692 0.101 979.4 11887 0.13 0.687 0.144 2.57 127.9 1641 165 0.361 0.133 833.6 15864 0.098 0.674 0.204 2.84 121.9 1732 303 0.929 0.106 955.4 16380 0.096 0.722 0.2 3.04 117.2 2289 300 0.906 0.136 866.2 13608 0.104 0.68 0.143 2.6 126.6 1996 174 0.799 0.114 830.2 14087 0.095 0.731 0.174 2.68 113 1888 203 0.666 0.125 944.6 9187 0.239 0.548 0.123 2.06 115.3 1519 117 0.305 0.12 1000.4 13244 0.122 0.635 0.139 2.27 129.2 1858 179 0.66 0.137 815 10974 0.123 0.744 0. 175 2.95 103.6 1494 136 0.242 0.121 928.5 13281 0.107 0.734 0. 155 2.41 105.1 1766 156 0.476 0.136 772.3 14488 0.087 0.755 0.144 5.19 146.7 1946 155 0.826 0.103 849.1 14964 0.085 0.723 0.182 4.91 201.1 1417 179 0.563 0.116 940.7 17211 0.095 0.674 0.183 2.83 116.9 1702 219 0.129 672.8 10914 0.176 0.689 0.176 2.75 88 1385 161 0.489 0.098 969.9 16050 0.134 0.663 0.179 2.67 115.9 2412 287 0.912 0.128 846.3 11617 0.148 0.548 0.132 2. 13 156.3 1380 168 0.554 0.115 821.6 12052 0.126 0.664 0.148 2.55 103.2 1872 157 0.384 0.13 920.6 13228 0.103 0.67 0.137 2.26 126.7 1833 182 0.789 0.123 900.8 12232 0.134 0.66 0.151 1.91 124.2 1644 138 0.588 0.124 889.7 12622 0.107 0.756 0.179 2.63 118.6 1654 189 0.677 0.134 1043.9 13437 0.105 0.647 0. 136 2.25 115.8 1894 214 0.848 0.146 997.6 13906 0. 103 0.611 0.154 2.92 133.4 2054 223 0.926 0.146 812.6 10586 0.166 0.537 0.134 2.5 125.4 1341 146 0.605 0.105 932.6 11161 0.169 0.679 0.14 2.33 104.4 1617 130 0.291 0.139 906.8 11243 0.165 0.562 0.126 1.95 128.7 1671 176 0.671 0.123 722.2 13483 0.147 0.626 0.169 2.82 115.9 1577 160 0.813 0.095 550.1 10493 0. 103 0.8 0.199 1.53 66.5 1203 171 0.774 0.08 871.4 12117 0.121 0.71 0.19 3.12 144.5 1481 232 0.232 0.119 794.1 14542 0.118 0.624 0.191 2.55 134.6 1498 194 0.722 0.105 782.8 13876 0.098 0.776 0.19 2.71 96.5 1660 196 0.816 0.117 1003.8 10193 0.15 0.56 0.104 1.68 109.1 1542 156 0.365 0.136 868.8 13154 0.087 0.696 0.148 3.19 107 1862 172 0.665 0.13 642.9 13223 0.079 0.779 0.172 2.86 125.7 1453 125 0.292 0.084
