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Evolving market dynamics are causing multinational firms to seek international expansion to propel growth in revenue, profitability and sustainability. However, this expansion has to be carefully undertaken as there are several factors that can affect the operations of a foreign firm in a host country 2. The era of rapid innovation, technology and competition has forced organizations to embrace change; in order to remain relevant and competitive in their respective fields. Nokia a Finnish company started to concentrate on the mobile phones industry in the year 1992 and rapidly gained huge market share. Nokia remained very innovative and sensitive to customer demands and launched features as in such that match the market needs which led Nokia to success. However, later in 2007, Apple's revolutionary concept of iPhone created a very high standard for mobile phones which Nokia and other competitors were unable to compete with. But still Nokia launched a touch-screen Smartphone 5800 Xpress Music in late 2008 but the consumers criticized it and said it was nowhere compatible with iPhone and not user friendly. Besides new entrants and competition in market, other factors that led Nokia to change was bureaucracy. Prototype of big screen touch screen and 3D user interface was rejected prior to iPhone and other competitors launched it which highlights that Nokia was innovative enough to compete but bureaucracy served as one of the challenge to remain competitive. In addition, change of Non-Finnish CEO also came as a shock to the market and stakeholders when a Canadian, Stephen Elop was announced as the new CEO of Nokia. Nokia lost its market share to Samsung and Apple. REQUIRED Given the above scenario, evaluate the internal and external forces that led Nokia to lose its market share. 3. Different organizations will elect to use an organization structure that best suits its environment, strategy, culture, nature of business and size among others. Evaluate the matrix organizational structure 4. Due to limited resources, most organizations will choose to source finances to expand their businesses from different sources. Their choice of financing will be influenced by certain factors. Evaluate five (5) major factors that will influence the choice of financing. 5. Organisations will resort to implementing change due to various factors. This change could be due to unforeseen environmental factors or internally planned change. Evaluate five (5) different kinds of internally planned changes that the organization would undertake. 6. Evaluate the traditional approach to motivation and the contemporary approach highlighting key differences. 7. Polata Ltd is organized around geographical regions and then the various departments for each region. The company emphasizes the importance of transformative leadership at both the Global and the Local levels. This means that local managers and the heads of departments in addition to the Country Heads in the various markets that the company operates in are free to decide on the appropriate strategies for their territories as long as they conform to the global norms and global culture that permeates the organization. This decentralization within centralization is the hallmark of the GLOCAL approach which has been stated above. REQUIRED Bearing in mind the GLOCAL approach which Polata prides in, analyze how the decentralization within centralization will be useful in the operations of Polata. 8. Planning is an important element and responsibility of managers. Managers plan and define objectives with employees and reviewing them periodically to ensure inclusivity for the smooth implementation of plans. This is facilitated through the concept of Management by Objectives (MBO) which come with its benefits and pitfalls. Analyze the MBO theory bringing out salient points 9. Every firm has a task of ensuring that objectives are met through putting control systems in place which enable the effective allocation of resources and evaluation of company performance. Analyze the significance of a control system and discuss any four (4) types of control systems that a firm can apply, stating the area of focus for each of them. 10. Motivating employees is a norm that every firm that thrives to grow and remain sustainable needs to embrace. To achieve this, the firm needs to ensure that employees develop a passion for work and bring out the best in them through deliberate company policies. Analyze five (5) ways in which an organization can ensure that employees develop a passion for their work. 11. The hierarchical level at which decisions are made in organizations will depend on whether the organization embraces a centralized or decentralized management decision making system. Compare and contrast the use of the two systems. 12. Ethics are a moral compass that give an organization guidance on conduct. In doing so, it embraces internal values that are a part of corporate culture, and shapes decisions concerning social responsibility with respect to the external environment. Explain five (5) factors that impact on an organization's ethical values and will affect employee performance 13. McClelland achievement theory of motivation is also known as the three motive theory. Explain individual characteristics of the three motives theory 14. Due to limited resources, firms may opt to secure finances from different sources for the purposes of growth and sustainability of their businesses. Before securing these funds, the firm needs to assess the factors that influence their choice of finance so as to make an informed decision. Explain five (5) factors that will influence the choice of financing. 15. BAT Motors, was experiencing an issue of strike by employees. The organization had already increased bonuses that have yet to satisfy their employees. However, employees decided to strike because they were not satisfied with the bonuses. In such circumstances, the director of BAT motors a Mr. Banda joined them and asked the CEO to consider increasing the workers' bonuses. This gesture touched the workers who said "it is enough to have a leader like Mr. Banda". Later that day the workers called off their strike because they believed that what Mr. Banda did was remarkable. This kind of leadership is to make workers happy, and Mr. Banda did just that. Leaders must recognize and monitor their leadership styles. From the above scenario, identify the kind of leadership style emanating from the leadership grid and explain four (4) challenges associated with this style of leadership 16. Multinational companies (MNC) will operate their businesses in various foreign countries at the same time. These host markets have different environments which can cause challenges to a MNC operating away from its home market. Explain five (5) challenges that Multinational Companies face when operating in host countries 17. Firms always need to be aware of the position they command in the industry for them to make decisions that will allow them to be proactive rather than being reactive. This can only be possible through conducting an environmental analysis which will bring out environmental influences and their degree of relevance. One of the ways of conducting an environmental analysis to ascertain a firm's position in the industry is by using the Porter's five forces model. Using any firm of your choice as an example, apply the Porter's five forces demonstrating how the model will help the firm achieve its objectives. 18. Total Quality Management (TQM) is a phenomenon which is synonymous with renown brands but necessary for all firms. It is the assurance of delivering a product free of defect to the customer and gaining a good and lasting reputation for the business. Using a firm of your choice as an example, demonstrate how this firm can enhance TQM in all its organizational processes and procedures. 19. During the era of (1864-1920) Max Weber a sociologist introduced the concept of bureaucratic organizations. To date, some organizations are still using this kind of management approach. Apply Max Weber's principles of bureaucracy on modern business practices. 20. Ethical decisions in organization's are made using the justice approach which holds that moral decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness and impartiality. Using a company of choice as an example, demonstrate how the justice approach can be applied 21. Contingency approach to management seeks to integrate the scientific management school, administrative management, and human relations to find solutions for specific circumstances bearing in mind that there is no universal solution to different situations. Demonstrate an understanding of how the contingency approach to management aids managers in decision making taking into consideration specific contingence variables. 22. ZAM factory is a block making company with over 30 employees who are paid an average wage of k800 per month and work 12 hourly shifts. There were reports of forced overtime and poor living conditions for the workers, many of who are youthful school leavers and men with families to fend for. Furthermore, this factory is located in the midst of faming land where vegetables are grown and sold to consumers. Pressure to drive this business out of the location mounted from the local community. However, when local authorities were invited for inspection, it was deduced that the factory was operating within its designated parameters and was just cautioned to reinforce safety standards to protect the workers and community around. To pacify the situation, ZAM factory constructed a school within the locality to carter for their workers' children and children within the community. They also paved a police post that is located within the community to enhance parking space. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives influence consumer's purchase preference and are positively associated with risk reduction. Many companies respond differently to social demands. REQUIRED Develop an implementation process of the Triple bottom line (3Ps) in ZAM's CSR operations. 23. Management theories have evolved over time, from the classical ways of doing business in the 19th century to modern management which is an extension of the humanistic management theory. Investigate outstanding contemporary issues that differentiate the humanistic approach of the 19th century and the extended humanistic approach of the 21st century. 24. The selection of talented human resource in an organisation is a recipe for success as they are an asset to the organization bringing in their diverse knowledge and skills. Formulate the criteria an organisation would use to select talented human resource with the required skills. 25. Employees always want to be treated equally with their peers in their respective work environments especially when it comes to rewards. Therefore, they will usually focus on how fairly or unfairly they are being treated in comparison to others as this can be a source of motivation or demotivation. Using a motivation theory, develop a criterion which can be used to ascertain whether there is fairness or unfairness in the company's reward system. 26. Change is inevitable for every firm that strives to remain relevant. This change can arise from either internal activities or external influences that the firm has no control over. However, employees and other stakeholders will usually resist change regardless of its source. You are the manager entrusted to implement change in your firm. Your first task will be to investigate forces that may lead to resistance to change within the organization and establish remedies to overcoming resistance to change. 27. (a) Formulate a working definition of the term management. (b) Evaluate the main characteristics of an organization? (c) Distinguish between a free market economy and a socialist economy? 28. Management by objectives (MBO) is a process in which a manager and an employee agree on specific performance goals and then develop a plan to reach them. 29. a) Elaborate on five (5) steps involved in Management by objectives (MBO) 30. The four most common types of managers are top-level managers, middle managers, first-line managers, and team leaders. 31. a) Assess the relative importance of each type of skill to lower, middle and upper-level managers. 32. Ravi works as a plant superintendent in a carpet-making factory. In order to complete the export orders on time, the production manager asks him to make the workers work over time whereas the finance manager is strictly against this practice because it will increase the cost of production. Moreover, Ravi feels that since the company is manufacturing handmade carpets as well as machine-made carpets there is a lot of overlapping of activities. Therefore, there should be two separate divisions for both of them wherein each division should have its own in charge, plans and execution resources. In context of the above case study: 33. a. Identify and explain the principle of management which is being violated. 34. In your opinion how does organization and management in a public sector organization differ from a public limited company? 35. Form your opinion with regard to the main purpose of SWOT Analysis in business. 36. Evaluate and distinguish the typical stages of the recruitment and selection process 37. Appraise with examples the following: (1) Recruitment (2) Manpower planning (3) Induction and training 38. Assess FIVE (5) Pricing Methods that businesses may adopt 39. There are a number of points that support the view that 'ethical business is good business'. Ethical business is a profitable business. Make an evaluation of why businesses should be socially responsible. 40. Make economic arguments for economic integration and show how member states like Zambia benefit from participating in COMESA. 41. A good team is essential if the Event Management Company wishes to complete an event successfully. Answer the following questions whilst assuming that you are the Event Manager leading a team. 42. a) What skills do you need to have as an Event Manager in order to successfully deliver an event? b) What is the role of leadership in an Event Team? 43. Which skill of management is applied equally at all levels of management? How are these key skills measured? Explain with illustrations 44. Differentiate amongst three levels of management, and understand the tasks and responsibilities of managers at different levels in the organizational hierarchy 45. Motivation theories based on contemporary approaches are classified into three groups, content theories, process theories, and reinforcement theories. For each outline the main idea and name two examples 46. Describe two external environments, the general environment and the task/competitive environment. 47. Analyze the difference between Herzberg's hygiene and motivation factors and give three examples 48. Critically analyze why an event contract is important in risk management for your event. 49. Critically examine Maslow's need priority model. How far up the hierarchical ladder do most people progress? 50. Scrutinize the usefulness of delegating responsibilities and what are the reasons for such delegation? 51. Scrutinize the role of integrated marketing communication in Events Management in an organization? 52. Describe the benefits and weakness of managing by objective (MBO) and ways to overcome those 53. Discuss the three types of economic systems and indicate which Economic System is best 54. Mohan works on the floor of a mall as a manager. He is very hard-working but is unable to produce results for his organization. His target for last month was a sale of K10000 from his floor. However, by the end of the month the sale was only K8000. He is a very regular and takes all the necessary steps to complete the target. However, his staff is not as competent as he himself is. When he tries to take action against disobedient employees the top management doesn't allow him to do so. They haven't given him the power to fire employees or take any strict action against them. 55. a) Which principle of Fayol is violated here by the Organization? b) Explain the principle identified in question (a) above 56. Discuss how each of the three (3) elements of the marketing mix that can be used to launch a new luxury product onto the market. 57. Operational effectiveness and strategy are both essential to superior performance in organizations but they work in very different ways. Discuss the principal distinctions between strategic and operational levels of planning. 58. (a) Develop a working definition of management. (b) It is often urged that bureaucratic organizations are inefficient and unreliable because of the way they attend to customers. Give a critique of this statement in line with your experience in dealing with bureaucratic organizations. 59. (a) Develop a clear meaning of the term business ethics? (b) Analyze the three approaches to ethical decision making. 60. (a) Distinguish between a free market economy and a socialist economy? (b) Suppose you are the economic adviser of the Minister of Finance and National Planning, what advice would you give the Zambian government on whether to adopt a free market economy or the socialist economy? 61. (a) Formulate a working definition of the term management. (b) Evaluate the main characteristics of an organization? 62. (a) Mention any five roles of financial institutions in Zambia? (b) Why should an investor choose to purchase government securities instead of other securities? 63. (a)Compare and contrast between formal structure and informal structure. (b)Interpret the term the "decay of bureaucracy." 64. (a)Demonstrate the importance of delegation? (b)Discuss any five barriers to delegation? 65. (a)The administration and management of discipline in an organization can be a source of problems. List such problems an organization is likely to face if it does not follow its own clear rules and procedures. (b)Mention at least five problems that are associated with mismanagement of discipline in organizations. 66. (a)Explain at least five functions of an office. (b)What is the role of the Development Bank of Zambia in the Zambian economy? 67. (a)Interpret the key elements of a strategy? (b)Interpret the reasons for the rising need for strategic direction. 68. (a)Define the concept span of control? (b)Explain the main advantages of decentralization. 69. (a)Distinguish between internal recruitment and external recruitment. (b)List any five reasons why Zambians from organizations. 70. (a)Describe the term Collective bargaining. (b)List the disadvantages of an open plan office. 71. (a)List the steps used in the recruitment process. (b)State the objectives of human resource planning 72. Explain the steps in the recruitment and selection process 73. Develop a working definition of management 74. It is often urged that bureaucratic organizations are inefficient and unreliable because of the way they attend to customers. Give a critique of this statement in line with your experience in dealing with bureaucratic organizations. 75. Develop a clear meaning of the term business ethics? 76. Elaborate the differences between a free market economy and a socialist economy? 77. Develop and clearly explain the meaning of the three approaches to ethical decision making. 78. Suppose you are the economic adviser of the Minister of Finance and National Planning, what advice would you give the Zambian government, to adopt a free market economy or the socialist economy? 79. Explain the meaning of the term management and the fundamental functions of management 80. Determine the main characteristics of an organization? 81. Mention any five roles of financial institutions in Zambia? 82. Assess why an investor choose to purchase government securities instead of other securities? 83. Compare and contrast between formal structure and informal structure. 84. Analyze and interpret the term the "decay of bureaucracy. 85. Examine the importance of delegation to an organization and explain how delegation can organizational efficiency. 86. The administration and management of discipline in an organization can be a source of problems. Analyze such problems an organization is likely to face if it does not follow its own clear rules and procedures. 87. Examine at least five problems that are associated with mismanagement of discipline in organizations. 88. Identify at least five functions of an office 89. 1. Develop at least five roles of the Development Bank of Zambia in the Zambian economy? 90. Identify the reasons for the rising need for strategic direction