1. Give and explain the two scientific/ecological models. Why is this classification important for environmental ethics? Would their respective applications differ in dealing with environmental issues? Why or why not? Explain.

2. Is Albert Schweitzer's theory an instance of the cultural romantic view of wilderness? Explain. 3. Explain the issue of environmental fascism. Explain why Aldo Leopold's land ethic is considered by some to be an instance of it. Explain in detail how J. Baird Callicott tries to resolve this issue.

4. Compare and contrast the positions of Albert Schweitzer and Paul Taylor. How do they differ and how do they agree?