1. How has the by-passing of the blast furnace process changed the production of iron and steel? (3) 2. Do you think it is important for physical metallurgist to be involved in the steel convertor stage? (3) 3. What is the difference between batch and continuous casting? (6) 4. Discus atleast three ladles found in the secondary steel making plant. (9) 5. A spectrometer is used to measure percentage composition of metals. If ingot cast steel parts are measured; what could be the detrimental element found from these set of parts? Also, what is expected from these range of metals? (8)