1. In the following simple sentence, mark the subject and the predicate: The mantle is composed of peridotite. In the subject, mark the noun. In the predicate, mark the verb. In the following noun phrases, mark the adjectives. The upper mantle The ambient upper mantle The ambient, convecting upper mantle 2. In the sentence, "The mantle is composed of peridotite.", how are the subject and object of the sentence related to one another (see the last paragraph on page 12 of the assigned reading for an example)? 3. Consider the following descriptive additions to the simple sentence: The upper mantle is composed of garnet-bearing peridotite. Mark the words that were added to the sentence, and identify their part of speech (e.g., adjective, noun, adverb). The upper mantle is a very large reservoir, and the entire upper mantle is not composed of peridotite everywhere, so I will qualify the sentence to be more precise. This indicates to the reader that I understand the depth dependence of Al-bearing phases in Earth's mantle (i.e., that at shallowest pressures, plagioclase is the stable Al-phase, at moderate pressures, spinel is the stable Al-phase, and only at very high pressures does garnet become the stable Al-phase in ultramafic mantle rocks). Circle the qualifier to this sentence: Between 90 and 440 kilometers' depth, the upper mantle is composed of garnet-bearing peridotite. Next, I have added an adjective and a prepositional phrase to the qualifier. Circle them, and label them: Between approximately 90 and 440 kilometers' depth in the Earth, the upper mantle is composed of garnet-baring peridotite. Now consider this minor qualifier (underlined): Between approximately 90 and 440 kilometers' depth in the Earth, the upper mantle is predominantly composed of garnet-baring peridotite. What does predominantly mean? By adding it to this sentence, what have I indicated to you (the reader), that I understand about the mantle?