1- in the U.S. eligibility for organ transplantation?

-depends (in part) on the social status of potential recipients; people with important jobs and strong family ties are prioritized.

-is determined by the recipients ability to pay, a consequence of our fee-for-service system.

-is based on severity of need, likelihood of benefit and geographical location.

2 the application of the concept of a quality-adjusted life year (QALY)?

-is irrelevant to the issue of organ transplantation because organs are provided to potential recipients on a first come, first served basis.

-is irrelevant to the issue of organ transplantation because it's impossible to accurately predict whether one person is likely to benefit more than another potential recipient.

-may discriminate against the elderly and people with disabilities in receiving organ transplants because they're likely to benefit less than younger, able-bodied recipients.

3-some people decline to become post-mortem (after death) organ donors because?

-organ donation is prohibited by most of the major world religions.

-families are unable to ask that their loved one's organs be donated unless they have an advance directive indicating their wishes.

-they're concerned that medical providers won't work as hard to save their lives

as they would if they're non-donors.

4-According to the presentation?

-some ethicists argue that organ donors (or their loved ones) should be compensated for organ donations in order to increase the supply of organs.

-systems that provide compensation for living organ donors in foreign countries have worked well to increase the supply without any sign of exploitation or abuses.

-it would be ethically impermissible to change from an "opt-in" organ donation program to an "opt-out one because that would violate the principle of informed consent.

5- organ transplantation?

-is clearly justified from a Utilitarian perspective: the benefits to recipients unambiguously outweigh the costs borne by the health care system.

-should not be paid for by taxpayer funds because the money could be better spent (in Utilitarian terms) in other ways.

-is controversial when paid for by public funds because it's extremely expensive and provides limited benefits compared to other medical expenditures, e.g. preventive care.