1. It has been found that the impact of the Palbociclib increased over time with the tumor in comparison to a vehicle (t(8)=3.71, p<0.01, unpaired t-test). What is the t-value? 2. What is the total sample size?

3. What is the effect size using d=2t/n 4. This considered a small, medium, or large effect size? 5. Using G-power, use priori power analysis and calculate the total sample size to achieve 80% power when alpha = 0.05 given the effect size calculated in 3.

6. Among those 15 individuals, calculate (either in excel or the R script):

Black	White	Orange
0.80	3.55	2.05
1.15	2.75	2.40
1.15	1.60	0.85
1.75	3.50	1.75
1.30	2.50	2.55

A. The mean of Black. B. The mean of White. C. The mean of Orange. D. The pooled standard deviation either in excel or the R script. C. The effect size for your pilot analysis. D. The total sample size to achieve 80% power if alpha =0.05. (Use G-power or R).

E. What is statistical power? How is it related to Type I and Type II error?