1. Read this short passage and then answer the question that follows.

George Herman "Babe" Ruth Jr. was just nineteen years old when he joined the Boston Red Sox as a pitcher in 1914. In 1919, he was sold to the New York Yankees and became a right fielderand one of the most prolific hitters of the era. As a Yankee, he became a superstar, hitting a record number of home runs and leading the team to win seven pennants and four World Series titles. During this time, he appeared on a number of radio shows and in several movies. He stayed with the Yankees through 1934, when he was traded to the Boston Braves. Just a few months into the season, he retired from baseball. He fell ill in 1946 and passed away in 1948.

Based on this passage, which summarizing statement is the BEST example of omission?

Babe Ruth played professional baseball for about twenty years and was very successful.

Babe Ruth was a record-breaking hitter who played for the Boston Red Sox and Boston Braves.

Babe Ruth's popularity as a baseball player led to appearances on the radio and in movies.

Babe Ruth may have been the most popular athlete of the 1920s and 1930s.

2. Which is an example of common knowledge?

The sun is a middle-aged star that rotates once every twenty-seven days.

The sun is about 25,000 light years from the core of the Milky Way galaxy.

At the closest point in its orbit, Earth is about 91,000,000 miles from the sun.

The Earth completes one full rotation around the sun every 365 days.

3. Which is the BEST example of ethical absolutism?

It is never acceptable to harm another person.

It's all right to lie to protect a person's feelings.

Under the circumstances, you've done nothing wrong.

It's okay to cheatwe're only playing a gam

4. Which is an example of a half-truth?

In the 1980s, it was commonly believed that lightning was caused by angry gods.

Cows are widely considered docile, but cattle attacks kill hundreds each year.

Tom Brady is the greatest football player of all time.

Indiana is the best state to live in.

5.How has plagiarism changed over time?

Technology has made it less likely for plagiarism to occur.

Instances of plagiarism are on the rise at colleges and universities.

It is viewed as a more serious offense today than previously.

Plagiarism is more difficult to catch today.

6. Which is the BEST example of a post hoc fallacy?

The drain may be clogged because Joe dumped all the scraps down it last night.

The dog howled after we turned off the lights, so the dog is afraid of the dark.

There were no campers in the park when the forest fire started on the night of the big thunderstorm, so the fire was MOST likely caused by a lightning strike.

Ella probably got a high score on the test because she spent a lot of time studying for it.

7.Read this short passage and then answer the question that follows.

Local community leader Selma Carter passed away Monday evening after a long illness. Ms. Carter was a key figure in the civil rights movement in the 1960s, organizing boycotts and participating in many protests to help raise awareness of the importance of equal rights for all Americans. Along with other well-known leaders of the movement, including Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks, Ms. Carter was arrested several times and spent some time in jail, although she was never convicted of any crime. She was instrumental in gaining political support for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and, after its passage, went on to teach at the state university for the next forty years.

Based on this passage, which is the BEST example of taking evidence out of context?

Selma Carter devoted much of her life to the betterment of the community in which she lived.

Selma Carter was arrested a number of times in the 1960s, but the government was never able to successfully convict her.

Selma Carter participated in and helped organize boycotts and protests in the 1960s.

Community leader Selma Carter became a teacher after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964