3) When a financial analyst determines the percentage change in operating income for the five-year period from 2011 to 2015, she is performing a: | | | c. Profitability analysis. | | | | d. Cross-sectional analysis. | 4) Horizontal analysis is analysis in which | a. Ratio increases and decreases are presented for the past two accounting periods. | | | | b. A statistic is calculated for the relationship between two items on a single financial statement or for two items on different financial statements. | | | | c. Financial statement lines are expressed as a percent of the base (earliest) year. | | | | d. All items are presented as a percentage of one selected item on the financial statement. | 5) Most companies | a. Try to maintain protection from creditors by keeping only a small amount of cash available. | | | | b. Strive for an appropriate balance between debt and equity financing. | | | | c. Agree that a current ratio of 0.75 is sufficient for business operations. | | | | d. Are not concerned with the debt management ratios when cash flows are good. | 6) In a common size income statement to be used in vertical analysis, the 100% amount is: | | | 7) Which of the following is a measure of liquidity? | a. Accounts receivable turnover ratio | | | | b. Operating cash flows ratio | | | | c. Return on common equity | | | | d. Earnings per share 8) A financial analyst is comparing two companies using a top-down approach. Which of the following would cause problems in the evaluation process? | a. One company has been in business significantly longer than the other company. | | | | b. The companies operate in different industries. | | | | c. One company's fiscal year-end is October 31, while the other company's fiscal year-end is December 31. | | | | d. Inflation has been low for several years. | 9) Turnover ratios differ from the current and quick ratios in that they | a. Measure the profitability of a company instead of its liquidity. | | | | b. Measure the efficiency with which a company uses its assets. | | | | c. Are based on a point in time rather than a period of time. | | | | d. Are based on net sales instead of cash. | 10) All of the following are examples of questions that a financial analyst would ask about a company's use of estimates in the recording of expenses except: | a. Are sales taxes included in revenues? | | | | b. Do warranty provisions cover actual expenditures? | | | | c. Is the allowance for uncollectible accounts sufficient to cover bad debts? | | | | d. What expected lives and residual values are used for depreciation computations? 11) Which of the following is considered a measure of short-term liquidity? | a. Return on assets ratio | | | | b. Gross profit percentage | | | | 12) The gross profit percentage decreased from 36.5% in 2014 to 24.8% in 2015. What is the trend in this change? | a. This increase represents an upward, or favorable, trend. | | | | b. The answer depends upon whether net sales increased or decreased during the period. | | | | c. The trend cannot be determined unless the dollar amount of the change is also know. | | | | d. This increase represents a downward, or negative, trend. | 13) A company issued additional shares of stock. Which of the following is true with regard to the effect of the stock issuance transaction on the company's ratio computations? | a. Earnings per share decreased. | | | | b. Return on equity remained unchanged. | | | | c. The debt-to-equity ratio increased. | | | | d. The asset turnover ratio decreased | 14) A company reported the following amounts in its financial statements: | 2015 | 2014 | Average inventory | $100,000 | $60,000 | Cost of goods sold | 2,000,000 | 1,500,000 | From 2014 to 2015, the company's efficiency in managing inventory was: | a. Improving, because the inventory turnover ratio is increasing. | | | | b. Improving, because the inventory turnover ratio is decreasing. | | | | c. Declining, because the inventory turnover ratio is decreasing. | | | | d. Declining, because the inventory turnover ratio is increasing. | 15) A company purchased inventory on credit. The effect of this transaction is that the: | a. Working capital increased. | | | | b. Debt-to-equity ratio increased. | | | | c. Earnings per share increased. | | | | d. Earnings per share decreased. | 16) Annual reports are filed with the SEC on | | | 17) Which of the following would report the market price of the company's stock? | | b. Statement of cash flows. | | | | 18) Time series (or trend) analysis is analysis in which | a. Dollar changes and percentage changes in a company's financial statement lines are compared over several years. | | | | b. A statistic is calculated for the relationship between two items on a single financial statement or for two items on different financial statements. | | | | c. All items are presented as a percentage of one selected item on a financial statement. | | | | d. Ratio increases and decreases are presented for the past two accounting periods | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |