1. To distinguish it from assembly language, we call the numeric version of instructions and a sequence of such instructions machine code. this 2. There are many types of systems software, but two types of systems software are central to every computer system today: an operating System and the 3. cheap Programmers want memory to be Fast and as memory speed oft she en shapes performance, capacity limits the size of problems that can be solved, and the cost of memory today is often the majority of computer cost. Caches give the programmer the illusion that main memory is nearly as fast as the top of the hierarchy and nearly as big and cheap as the bottom of th e hierarchy 4. Convert the following 8-bit two's-complement numbers from hexadecimal to decimal: OxEF = 5. Fill in the blanks to return the largest positive number a 32-bit two's-complement number can represent. unsigned int max_twos) { return ((1