1. Use the Frequencies procedure to investigate the variability of female respondents' current age (AGE). Navigate to Data and Select Cases. Choose "If condition is satisfied" and then click on the "if" button. Place SEX in the open box followed by equals 2 (SEX = 2). Select Continue and then OK. Click on Analyze, Descriptive Statistics, Frequencies, and then Statistics. Select the appropriate measures of variability.

-How would you describe the distribution of AGE for women?

2. Use the Explore procedure to study the variability of relaxation hours (HRSRELAX) among social class categories in the GSS sample.

-Is there a difference between the four groups in the variability of relaxation hours? - a short paragraph describing the box plot that SPSS created as if you were writing a report and had included the box plot as a chart to support your conclusions about the difference between social classes in the variability (and central tendency) of hours of relaxation.

3. Americans often think of themselves as quite diverse in their political opinions, within the continuum of liberal to conservative. Let's use GSS 2018 data to investigate the diversity of political views. The percentage distribution shown displays respondents' self-rating of their political position.

-How many categories (K) are we working with? -Calculate the sum of the squared percentages, or Pct2. -What is the IQV for this variable? Do you find it to be higher (closer to 1) or lower (closer to 0) than you might have expected for political views? Or, to put it another way, did you expect that Americans would be diverse in their political views or more narrowly concentrated in certain categories?

4. Occupational prestige is a statistic developed by sociologists to measure the status of one's occupation. Occupational prestige is also a component of what sociologists call socioeconomic status, a composite measure of one's status in society. On average, people with more education tend to have higher occupational prestige than people with less education. We investigate this using the GSS 2018 variable PRESTG80 and the Explore procedure to generate the SPSS output.

-Note that SPSS supplies the IQR, the median, and the minimum and maximum values of each group. Looking at the values of the mean and median, do you think the distribution of prestige is skewed for respondents with a high school diploma? For respondents with a bachelor's degree? Why or why not? -Explain why you think there is more variability of prestige for either group or why the variability of prestige is similar for the two groups.

5. We examine education (measured in years), age (measured in years), and frequency of religious services (measured on an ordinal scale: 0 = never, 1 = once a month to 8 = more than once a week) for males and females who voted for Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election. Using the GSS 2018 statistics, describe the characteristics of Clinton and Trump supporters. Note: The mean for each variable is presented alongside the standard deviation (in parentheses).