1). What is a briefoverview of Miranda v. Arizona's past.

2). In whatways arelaw enforcement's questioning and interrogation of suspects impacted by the Miranda warning.

There was a car that ran a red signal at Vine Street and Hollywood Boulevard, so Officers Ortega and Marrow stopped it. The cops walked up to the car. They saw two men in the front seat with their flashlights. Then, Officer Ortega saw something on the passenger side floorboard of the car that looked like a plastic bag. After giving the order to exit the car, the cops searched and took both of them into custody. Officer Marrow searched the motorist and discovered a weapon in his belt. The driver was then taken into custody by the police for having a hidden firearm. The driver was positioned at the rear of their patrol car. The plastic bag in the front compartment caught the cops' attention next. The plastic package contained white powder cocaine, according to tests. The passenger was subsequently taken into custody by the authorities on suspicion of drug possession. They seized the car as well.

1). Was the driver's arrest lawful? Why not, and why not?

2). Were the cops authorized to search the car and take the plastic bag? Why not, and why not?

3). Was the passenger's arrest lawful? Why not, and why not?