1). What is the independent variable in this study, and how many levels are there in this independent variable? Choose the correct response (.5 points)

A. IV: Team feedback, with two levels (Success versus Failure)

B. IV: Team feedback, with three levels (Success versus Average versus Failure)

C. IV: Taking a badge, with two levels (Took a badge versus Did not take a badge)

D. IV: Working together, with ten levels (1 = Did not work well together to 10 = Worked very well together)

2). What is/are the dependent variable(s) in this study, and what scale of measurement are they based on (using NOIR)? Choose the BEST option (.5 points)

A. DV #1: Working together: Interval scale - DV #2: Taking a badge: Nominal scale.

B. DV #1: Working together: Nominal scale - DV #2: Taking a badge: Interval scale.

C. DV #1: Team feedback: Nominal scale. DV #2 - Taking a badge: Interval scale

D. DV #1: Team feedback: Ordinal scale. DV #2 - Working together: Interval scale

3). We are going to run some analyses on the data (Use the DataAnalysisFIU#1GlorySummer.sav SPSS file). First, use the independent variable and the nominal dependent variable in an SPSS analysis. (Hint: Your scale of measurement for the nominal dependent variable should let you know which statistical test to use!). Choose the correct analysis, write-up, and conclusion from the options below (1.5 points)

A. We ran a chi square using team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants took a badge as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (2) = 26.50, p < .001. The majority of participants in the success condition (80%) took a badge while the majority of participants in the failure condition (77.5%) did not take a badge. Only about half of the participants in the average condition (52.5%) took a badge. This indicates that perceptions of success did encourage students to take a badge while perceptions of failure discouraged taking a badge. Cramer's V, which is appropriate for this design, was very strong.

B. We ran a chi square using team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants took a badge as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (1) = 26.50, p < .001. The majority of participants in the success condition (80%) took a badge while the majority of participants in the failure condition (77.5%) did not take a badge. Only about half of the participants in the average condition (52.5%) took a badge. This indicates that perceptions of success did encourage students to take a badge while perceptions of failure discouraged taking a badge. Cramer's V, which is appropriate for this design, was very strong.

C. We ran a chi square using team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants took a badge as the dependent variable. A significant effect did not emerge, ² (2) = 26.50, p > .05. There was no difference in students taking a badge between the three conditions, indicating that the feedback did not impact participant willingness to take a badge. Cramer's V, which is appropriate for this design, was very weak.

D. We ran a One Way ANOVA team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants took a badge as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, F(2, 117) = 16.58, p < .001. Tukey post hoc tests showed that participants were more likely to take a badge in the failure condition (M = 1.78, SD = 0.42) than in both the success condition (M = 1.20, SD = 0.41) and the average condition (M = 1.48, SD = 0.51). Participants were also more likely to take a badge in the average condition than in the success condition. These results contradict our predictions.

4). For the main analysis, the researchers predicted that participants would rate their group as working better together in the "Success" condition than in the "Failure" condition, with those in the "Average" condition falling between these extremes. Run the correct analysis to see if they confirmed their predictions, and choose the correct conclusion from the options below (1.5 points)

A. We ran an independent samples t-Test using team feedback as the independent variable (Success versus Failure) and whether participants thought the group worked well together as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, t(78) = 2.41, p < .05. Participants thought the group worked well together more in the success condition (M = 6.88, SD = 1.11) than in the failure condition (M = 6.23, SD = 1.29). This indicates that participants think that groups work better together when the feedback shows success.

B. We ran a One Way ANOVA team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants took a badge as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, F(2, 117) = 16.58, p < .001. Tukey post hoc tests showed that participants were more likely to take a badge in the failure condition (M = 1.78, SD = 0.42) than in both the success condition (M = 1.20, SD = 0.41) and the average condition (M = 1.48, SD = 0.51). Participants were also more likely to take a badge in the average condition than in the success condition. These results contradict our predictions.

C. We ran a One Way ANOVA team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants thought the group worked well together as the dependent variable. A significant effect did not emerge, F(2, 117) = 4.06, p > .05. Participants thought the grouped worked together similarly well in the success condition (M = 6.88, SD = 1.11) the average condition (M = 6.85, SD = 1.05), and the failure condition (M = 6.23, SD = 1.29). This indicates that participants do not think that groups work any differently when the feedback shows failure, successful, or average outcomes.

D. We ran a One Way ANOVA team feedback as the independent variable (Success, Average, Failure) and whether participants thought the group worked well together as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, F(2, 117) = 4.06, p < .05. Tukey post hoc tests showed that participants thought the grouped worked well together better in both the success condition (M = 6.88, SD = 1.11) and the average condition (M = 6.85, SD = 1.05) than in the failure condition (M = 6.23, SD = 1.29), though the success and average conditions did not differ from each other. This indicates that participants think that groups work better together when the feedback shows either success or average outcomes.

Part Two (Use the SPSS DataAnalysisFIU#2GlorySummer.sav data set for this section).

Imagine we alter the design a bit. First, in terms of the team feedback, we focus only on the success and the failure conditions (dropping the average condition). Second, we alter the school-level of the intellectual task. That is, some of the high school teams think they are working on "college level" intellectual problems while others think they are working on "middle-school level" intellectual problems. Using this new design, answer the following questions.

5). What is/are the independent variable(s) in this study, and how many levels are there to each? (.5 points)

A. IV #1: Team feedback, two levels (Success versus Failure) - IV #2: School-level, three levels (College-level versus High-school level versus Middle-school level)

B. IV #1: Team feedback, three levels (Success versus Failure versus Average) - IV #2: School-level, three levels (College-level versus High-school level versus Middle-school level)

B. IV #1: Team feedback, three levels (Success versus Failure versus Average) - IV #2: School-level, two levels (College-level versus Middle-school level)

D. IV #1: Team feedback, two levels (Success versus Failure) - IV #2: School-level, two levels (College-level versus Middle-school level)

6). Consider all of the possible main effects and interactions for this study. Use the SPSS file named DataAnalysisFIU#2GlorySummer.sav to run a 2 X 2 ANOVA (I will let YOU figure out which dependent variable to use for this!). Choose the option below that best describes the outcome. (.5 points)

A. There are two significant main effects and a significant interaction

B. There is one significant main effect, one non-significant main effect, and a significant interaction

C. There are two significant main effects but there is no significant interaction

D. There is one significant main effect, one non-significant main effect, and no significant interaction