$1.**$What is the primary focus of Operations Management?$**$

a$)$ Marketing and Sales

b$)$ Product Development

c$)$ Production and Delivery of Goods and Services

d$)$ Human Resource Management

$2.**$Which of the following is a key aspect of Lean Manufacturing?$**$

a$)$ Just$-$in$-$Time Production

b$)$ Mass Production

c$)$ Outsourcing

d$)$ Centralization

$3.**$What does the term 'Six Sigma' primarily focus on$?**$

a$)$ Cost Reduction

b$)$ Employee Training

c$)$ Quality Improvement

d$)$ Speed of Delivery

$4.**$Which inventory management technique is known for its use of cards to control production and inventory?$**$

a$)$ ABC Analysis

b$)$ Just$-$in$-$Time

c$)$ Kanban

d$)$ Economic Order Quantity

$5.**$What does ERP stand for in Operations Management?$**$

a$)$ Efficient Resource Planning

b$)$ Enterprise Resource Planning

c$)$ Economic Resource Planning

d$)$ Executive Resource Planning

$6.**$Which of the following is not a typical key performance indicator $($KPI$)$ in operations management?$**$

a$)$ Lead Time

b$)$ Net Profit Margin

c$)$ Inventory Turnover

d$)$ Defect Rate

$7.**$What is the primary goal of Supply Chain Management?$**$

a$)$ Increasing the number of suppliers

b$)$ Maximizing customer value and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage

c$)$ Focus on technology development

d$)$ Reducing the workforce

$8.**$In project management, what does the 'Critical Path' represent?$**$

a$)$ The longest duration path through a project

b$)$ The most cost$-$effective path

c$)$ The path with the highest risk

d$)$ The shortest duration path through a project

$9.**$Which of these is not a typical process type in Operations Management?$**$

a$)$ Job Shop

b$)$ Batch Production

c$)$ Continuous Production

d$)$ Random Production

$10.**$What does the term 'Bottleneck' refer to in a production process?$**$

a$)$ A stage where the production capacity exceeds the demand

b$)$ A stage in production where demand exceeds capacity

c$)$ A technique for reducing waste

d$)$ A method for employee training

$1.$ What is the total cost of producing $500$ units if the variable cost per unit is $$10$ and the fixed costs are $$2,000?$

$2.$ Calculate the capacity utilization percentage if a factory has a maximum capacity of $1,000$ units and is currently producing $800$ units.

$3.$ A production line produces $200$ units per hour. How many hours will it take to produce $2,500$ units?

$4.$ If the demand forecast for a product is $1,200$ units and the current inventory is $300$ units, how many units should be produced to meet demand?

$5.$ Calculate the average inventory level if a company holds $600$ units of a product in stock for $30$ days.

$6.$ What is the reorder point if the average daily demand for a product is $50$ units, and the lead time is $5$ days?

$7.$ Calculate the Economic Order Quantity $($EOQ$)$ if the annual demand is $5,000$ units, ordering cost is $$100$ per order, and holding cost per unit per year is $$2.$

$8.$ If a production process has a yield rate of $90\%,$ and $1,000$ units are started, how many good units will be produced?

$9.$ Calculate the cycle time if a manufacturing process takes $8$ hours to complete and produces $400$ units in that time.

$10.$ If a project has a total completion time of $40$ weeks and consists of $10$ tasks, what is the critical path duration?

$11.$ A factory has an OEE $($Overall Equipment Effectiveness$)$ of $85\%,$ an availability of $90\%,$ and a performance rate of $95\%.$ Calculate the quality rate.

$12.$ Calculate the total lead time for a product if the order processing time is $3$ days, manufacturing time is $5$ days, and transportation time is $2$ days.

$13.$ If a supplier offers a $2\%$ discount for paying an invoice within $10$ days, what is the annualized interest rate $($APR$)$ for taking advantage of the discount?

$14.$ Calculate the labor productivity if a factory produces $2,000$ units in $40$ labor hours.

$15.$ A company produces $5$ different products. If Product A has a contribution margin of $20\%,$ Product B has $15\%,$ Product C has $25\%,$ Product D has $10\%,$ and Product E has $30\%,$ what is the weighted average contribution margin?

$16.$ If a project's net present value $($NPV$)$ is $$50,000,$ and the discount rate is $10\%,$ what is the project's profitability index?

$17.$ Calculate the process capability index $($Cpk$)$ if the upper specification limit $($USL$)$ is $80,$ the lower specification limit $($LSL$)$ is $60,$ and the process mean is $70.$

$18.$ A company has a machine that costs $$100,000$ and has a salvage value of $$20,000$ after $5$ years. What is the annual depreciation expense using the straight$-$line method?

$19.$ If a production line has a defect rate of $3\%$ and produces $10,000$ units, how many defective units are expected?

$20.$ Calculate the break$-$even point in units if the selling price per unit is $$50,$ variable cost per unit is $$30,$ and fixed costs are $$20,000.$