1. What percentage of a distribution corresponds to z = -2.3? A. 1.04% B. 1.07% C. 98.93% D. 9.68% 2. An experiment testing the effectiveness of a new headache medicine on 79 volunteers has three treatments. Group A will take two real pills. Group B will take one real pill and one placebo. Group C will take two placebos. If using a list of random digits from 00-99, assigning a volunteer to one of these three treatment groups, what is one thing that you would NOT do. A. Go across a line in the random digit table and select even numbers for Group A, odd numbers for Group B, and any number that is a multiple of 3 regardless of even or odd for Group C. B. When a number is repeated, skip it. C. Assign all volunteers a number. D. Skip numbers from 79-99.3. We collect this data from 50 male students. Which variable is most likely to follow a Normal model? A. number of TV sets at home B. head circumference C. eye color D. hours of homework last week 4. Suppose Mr. North randomly selected school districts from the state, randomly selected schools from within those selected districts, and randomly selected U.S. History classes from within those schools. His sampling technique is best described as A. census B. convenience sampling C. multi-stage cluster sampling D. systematic random sampling (SRS) 5. Researchers plan to investigate a new medication that may reduce blood pressure for individuals with higher than average blood pressure. 90 volunteers with higher than average blood pressure are solicited. Volunteers are randomly assigned 100 mg of the medicine, 200 mg of the medicine, or a placebo. Blood pressure will be measured at the beginning and at the conclusion of the study. Identify the treatments. A. 90 volunteers with higher than average blood pressure B. blood pressure C. 100 mg of the medicine, 200 mg of the medicine, placebo D. 100 mg of the medicine, 200 mg of the medicine 6. Write the equation which describes the average price of a 19 inch TV if the cost in 2000 was $219 and has gone down $8 per year following. A. cost = 8 + 219year B. cost = 219 - 8year C. cost = 219 - 8/year D. cost = 219 + B/year7. What percentage of a distribution corresponds to z = 0.75? A. 77.34% B. 22.66% C. 27.09% D. 30.15% 8. Given the power model, /=20(x") describe the pattern of change between the x and y variables. A. as x increases, y decreases at a decreasing rate B. as x increases, y decreases at an increasing rate C. as x increases, y increases at a decreasing rate D. as x increases, y increases at an increasing rate 9. Find the correlation coefficient of fat content and sodium for several brands of hamburger. Fat (g) 19 31 31 Sodium (mgo 920 1510 860 11.60 1260 A. 0.199 B. -0.199 C. 0.040 D. -0.040 10. This model predicts the annual repair costs for a car based upon the number of oil changes in that year: Costs- 650 27-7307 Changes, Find the residuals for (6, $439). A. -$227.15 B. $227.15 C. $439 D. $211.8511. Which of the following correlation coefficients is closest to this scatterplot? A. -0.73 B. -1.10 C. 0.20 D. -0.10 12. As a 4-H project, Billy is raising chickens. He feeds and waters them every day, and collects the eggs every other day, selling them to people in the neighborhood. He has found that each hen's nest will contain anywhere from 0 to 2 eggs. Based on past experience he estimates that there will be no eggs in 20% of the nests, one egg in 10% of the nests, and 2 eggs in the other 70%. How would you use a random number table to conduct a simulation to estimate how many nests Billy will have to visit to collect a dozen eggs. A. Let 0, 1 = no eggs; 2 = one egg: 3 -9 = two eggs. Go across the row of digits one at a time, adding up the number of eggs until there are 12 or more. Count the number of nests visited. B. Let 0 = no eggs; 1, 2 = one egg: 3 -9 = two eggs. Go across the row of digits one at a time, adding up the number of eggs until there are 12 or more. Count the number of nests visited. C. Let 1 = no eggs; 2, 3 = one egg: 4 -9 = two eggs. Go across the row of digits two at a time, adding up the number of eggs until there are 12 or more. Count the number of nests visited. D. Let 00, 10 = no eggs; 20 = one egg: 30 -90 = two eggs. Go across the row of digits one at a time, adding up the number of eggs until there are 12 or more. Count the number of nests visited.13. The Weather Channel has predicted a 30% chance of rain for each of the next five days. Use this list of random digits to simulate one trial to determine how many of those five days will have rain. If 00-29 are assigned to rain and 30- 99 indicate no rain. 23637 79733 56354 96049 81513 96574 A 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 14. The famous Rose Bowl Parade features floats that are decorated with roses and other flowers from around the world. Based on past experience, one float decorator found that . 10% of the bundles of roses delivered will not open in time for the parade, . 20% of the bundles of roses delivered will have bugs on them and be unusable, . 60% of the bundles of roses will turn out to be beautiful, . the rest of the bundles of roses delivered will bloom too early and then discolor Conduct a simulation to estimate how many roses the float decorator will need to purchase to have 12 good bundles of roses to place on the float. Use the random number table given below and specify the outcome for Trial 1. Hint: think two digit simulation. 12807 99970 80157 36147 64032 36653 98951 16877 12171 A. 22 bundles needed B. 15 bundles needed C. 20 bundles needed D. There is not enough information given. 15. Hannah wants to model through simulation the sum of the faces when two dice are rolled. She plans to use random numbers 2 through 12 to represent the sum. Why does this NOT model the situation? A. Each sum is not independent of the others. B. There is no number 1. C. This does not account for doubles. D. Each sum is not equally likely.16. If a distribution is represented by /(420, 3.4), find the percentage between 415 and 423.4. Round to the nearest tenth. A. 13.54% B. 24.20% C. 35.72% D. 77.1% 17. IBM has 637,133 stockholders. A vice president plans to conduct a survey to study the number of shares held by individual stockholders. Identify the type of sampling used if all the stockholders zip codes are collected, and 5 stockholders are randomly selected from each zip code. A. cluster B. random C. convenience D. stratified 18. Researchers created the following model using data obtained in the laboratory. "of at - -27.3/63 +0249874 Vinight . Which of the following are true? I. This model produces (x,y) points of (Weight(1b), Fat%). ii. This model produces (x.y) points of (Fate, Weight (Ib)). ill. This model predicts weight from percent of fat. iv. This model predicts percent of fat from weight. A. i and i B. ii and iii C. ii and iv D. i and iv 19. Which of the following statements are true? I. A completely randomized design offers no control for lurking variables. II. A randomized block design controls for variability. Ill. In a double-blind, the treating physicians are aware of who received the treatment. A. Ill only B. II only C. I only D. None of the above20. All but one of the statements below contain a mistake. Which one could be true? A. The correlation between people's weights and foot lengths is 0.246. B. The correlation between height in inches and weight in pounds is 0.644. C. The correlation between breed of dog and its weight is 0.435. D. The correlation between gender and age is -0.171. 21. When simplifying this expression, 27 3, without using a calculator, what is an intermediate step? A -2(27) B. 273 C. 1 D. 377 22. The model for the price (in thousands of dollars) and size (in thousands of square feet) of houses is expressed by Axe=-3317 +93.454 Se. Describe the intercept in context. A. A home of zero price is predicted to be 35.5 square feet in size. B. (0,-3.317) C. A home of zero square feet is predicted to cost-$3317. D. (0.0355, 0) 23. Name and describe the kind of bias that might be present if "a statistics teacher decides that instead of randomly selecting students to survey on how they feel about the course she just gives the survey during class one day." A. voluntary response sample, the bias would be towards students who were not there. B. voluntary response sample, the bias would be towards students who were there. C. convenience sample, the bias would be towards students that were present. D. convenience sample, the bias would be towards students who were not present24. Write the equation which will model the pattern, "a video goes viral on the internet. On the first day it had 800 viewers which then increases by 75% each day thereafter." A. weweys-800(075) B. wowors - 800 + 1.75 days C. wewers= 800+0.75 days D. wowers -800 (1.757 25. The model for the price (in thousands of dollars) and size (in thousands of square feet) of houses is expressed by Pico =3.117+94.4545co. What does the model predict for the price of a 2,033 square foot house? A. $195, 141 B. $188,911 C. $192,028 D. $199,295 26. Describe the direction, strength, and form of the scatterplot. Test Score Hours of Sleep A. Positive, strong, linear B. Negative, moderate, linear C. Positive, strong, curved D. Positive, weak, linear 27. A consumer group wants to see if a new education program will improve the spending habits of college students. Students in an economics class are randomly assigned to three different courses on spending habits. What are the experimental units and the response variables? A. college students; spending habits B. students in an economics class; students spending habits C. consumer group; college students D. three different courses; spending habits2B. Suppose a basketball player has an 70% free throw success rale. We will ba using random numbers to simulate whether or not she makes a foul shot. We are trying 1o find how many shols she might be able to make in a row without missing. What could be a component in this simulation? A. Count the number of shots made before the miss. B. Find the mean number of shots made. C. Get a random digit 0 - 9; let 0 - T = a good shot and 8 or 9 = a miss. D. Get a random digit 0 - 9; let 0 - 6 = a good shot and 7- 9 = a miss. 29, One useful way placebos are used is in subjects. A blinding B. sampling C. blocking D. replication 30. Suppose a Normal model describes the fuel efficiency of cars currently 3. registered in your stale. The mean is 21 mpg, with a standard deviation of & mpg. Describe the mileage of the most efficlent 10% of all cars. A greater than 28.7 mpg B. greater than 13.3 mpg C. less than 8.8 mpg D. greater than 19.9 mpg The main difference batween cluster sampling and stratified sampling is A, strata are varied within and resemble the population, while dusters are grouped by similar characteristics B. stratified sampling is assigned random numbers to represent the population, while clusters have assigned numbers to represent each sample . clusters are varied within and resemble the population, while sirata are grouped by similar characteristics D. all are correct 32. Find the amount of data found within 3 standard deviations of the mean in a normal distribution. A. 98.7% B. 95% C. 99.7% D. 90% 33. Which of the following statements are true? I. Random sampling is a good way to reduce response bias. Il. To minimize nonresponse bias, design a smaller randomized survey to ensure a high response rate. Ill. Increasing the sample size tends to reduce survey bias. IV. To guard against bias from undercoverage, use a convenience sample. A. II B. I C. IV D. III 34. The percent of adults married before the age of 25 in a certain state over several years is given in the table below. Find the model based on this table if we are interested in how this percent is changing. Year 1950 1984 1989 1993 1997 2000 Percent 36.1 23 1 31.1 278 247 24 5 A. Percent - 2038.333 -1.619 Year B. Your - 2038.333 - 1.619 Avropunt C. Percent = 1237.075 -0607 Year D. Year - 1237 075-0.607 Percent35. Describe how to use a source of random data to simulate multiple trials of this situation. A student guesses on all 15 questions of a multiple choice quiz. Each question has five choices. A. Assign 1 to a correct answer and 2 - 5 to an incorrect answer. Generate random numbers from 1 to 5 to represent an individual question on the quiz. Repeat 14 more times to represent all 15 questions on the quiz. B. Assign 0 if an answer is incorrect and 1 if the answer is correct. Generate random numbers from 0 - 1 to represent an individual question on the quiz. Repeat 14 more times to represent all 15 questions on the quiz. C. 20% of each bank of answers is correct, so assign 0, 1 if an answer is correct and 2 - 9 if the answer is correct. Generate random numbers from 0-9 to represent an individual question on the quiz. Repeat 14 more times to represent all 15 questions on the quiz. D. Assign 00-14 to all of the correct answers and 15-74 for all the wrong answers. Generate random numbers from 00 - 74 to represent all of the individual questions on the quiz. 36. Which of the following is NOT true about standardizing distributions into z- scores? A. The shape of the distribution will not change. B. The mean will become 0. C. The center of the distribution will not change. D. The spread will change. 37. More dogs are being diagnosed with thyroid problems than have been diagnosed in the past. A researcher identified 50 puppies without thyroid problems and kept records of their diets for several years to see if any developed thyroid problems. This is a(n) A. randomized experiment B. survey C. prospective study D. retrospective study38. Many television stations poll their viewers by posting a question on their website and reporting the results on the evening news. This type of survey illustrates A. convenience sampling B. nonresponse bias C. voluntary response bias D. random sampling 39. Which of the following would be considered an observational study? A. Similar patients with heartburn are randomly given two different doses of a new drug (or a placebo) and their heartburn symptoms are observed. B. Can watching a movie temporarily raise your pulse rate? Researchers have 50 volunteers check their pulse rates. Then they watch an action film, after which they take check their pulse rates once more. C. Comparing ACT scores of high school male students to high school female students. D. Similar patients with high blood pressure are randomly given three different doses of a new drug and their blood pressure is observed. 40. Which of the following is not a principle of experimental design? A. randomization B. control C. blocking D. replication 41. Write an equation to describe "y starting at 102 and multiplied by a factor of 4 each time x increases by 1." A. y = 102 + 4x B. y - 102(x]* C. y = 102x + 4 D. Y = 102/4)42. During a chemistry lab, students were asked to study a radioactive element which decays over time. The results are in the table. Give the equation which models the remaining mass of the element. Time (in days) 2 10 Element (in grams) 350 243 203 A. granes = 404.14-24.93days B. days - 16 02-0.039 gwarns C. grams - 420 (0 8337 D. grams - 419 96 (0913) 43. The linear model for predicting the length of an athlete's long jump using the length of his/her high jump (both in meters) is expressed as LongJump -1.00541+ 4.30053 HighJump. Describe what the slope means in context A. If a person jumps 4.30053 in the high jump, they are predicted to be able to jump 1.10541 m in the long jump. B. For every 1 m increase in the long jump, the high jump is predicted to increase 1.10541 C. For every 1 m increase in the high jump, the long jump is predicted to increase 4.30053 m. D. If a person jumps 1.10541m in the long jump, they are predicted to be able to jump 4.30053 m high. 44. Which of the following survey questions might result in a biased survey result? A. How likely will you go out for dinner and a movie this Saturday? B. How likely will you go out for a movie during the week? C. How likely will you go out for dinner this weekend? D. none of these45. Marketing researchers wonder if the color of a gum's packaging may influence sales of the candy. They manufacture test packages for spearmint gum in three colors (red, white, and blue). The researchers prepare three different packages, then market them for several weeks in convenience stores in various locations. In this experiment, the response variables are A. gum packaging B. convenience stores C. spearmint gum D. gum sales 46. Can watching a movie temporarily raise your pulse rate? Researchers have 50 volunteers check their pulse rates. Then they watch an action film, after which they take check their pulse rates once more. Which aspect of experimentation is present in this research? A. a control group B. randomization C. a placebo D. none of these 47. Suppose we are to randomly select three students from the class to speak at Parents' Night about the joys of taking this course. We are trying to find out how likely it is that we'll get three boys. Suppose the class has 15 boys and 10 girls. What is the response variable for this? A. There is a 3:2 response variable. B. Using the random number table to represent the chosen student. C. "Yes" or "No," indicating whether the selection was all male. D. Find the percentage of trials that produced an all-male selection. 48. If the power model for light intensity is CandoPower = 2120 87(Distance" ), what is the light intensity at 11 feet? A. 256,625.27 cp B. 1.83E-9 cp C. -46,659.14 cp D. 17.53 cp49. Double-blinding in experiments is important so that: I. The evaluators do not know which treatment group the participants are in. II. The participants do not know which treatment group they are in. Ill. There is a control group to compare to the treatment group. A. I only B. II only C. II and Ill only D. I and II only 50. Most water tanks have a drain plug so that the tank may be emptied when it's to be moved or repaired. How long it takes a certain size of tank to drain depends on the size of the plug, as shown in the table. Create a useful model. Plug Diameter (in) Drain Time( min.} 10 A. Tire = 197.52 (0. 137) B. Time- 140-0375 Damreter D. Tire= 1478(098gy