1. Which of the following best summarizes the results presented in the following abstract?

Which of the following best summarizes the research question being investigated in the following abstract? Pain. 2019Mg 30. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001683. [Epub ahead of print] Effects of open-label placebo on pain, functional disability and spine mobility in chronic back pain patients: a randomized controlled trial. KIeinaBorgmann J1. Schmidt K1, Hellmann A1. Bingel Q1, 0 Author Information Abstract Chronic back pain is a major global health problem. while Its treatment Is hampered by a lack of efcacy and restcted safety prole of common front-line therapies. The present trial aims to determine whether a 3-week open-label placebo treatment reduces pain intensity, and subjective and objective functional disability in chronic back pain patients. This randomized controlled trial, following a pretest-posttest design, enrolled 127 chronic back pain patients (pain duration > 12 weeks) from the Back Pain Center, Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany. Patients randomized to the open-label placebo group received a 3-week open-label placebo treatment. F'atients in the treatment as usual group received no Intervention. Both groups continued treatment as usual. Primary outcome was the change in pain intensity. Secondary outcomes included patient-reported functional disability, objective measures of spine mobility and depression, anxiety and stress. 122 chronic back pain patients were randomized to the open-label placebo group (N=63) or treatment as usual group (N=59). Open-label placebo application led to a larger reduction of pain intensity (43.621023 vs. 0.111017, all M :t: SE. p=.001, d=-0.44) as well as patient- reported functional disability (32111.59 vs. 03511.15, p=.020, d=-0.45) and depression soores(-1.0710.55 vs. 0.371039, p=.010, d=-0.50) compared to treatment as usual only. OLP treatment did not affect objective mobility parameters. anxiety and stress. Our study demonstrates that a 3-week open-label placebo treatment is safe. well tolerated and reduces pain. disability and depressive symptoms in chronic back pain. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKSOOO12712. Q Is an open-label placebo more effective than pain medication for treating chronic back pain? Q Is an open-label placebo more effective than usual care for treating chronic back pain? 0 Do patients who receive an open-label placebo experience improvements in back pain symptoms? Q Is pain medication more effective than an open-label placebo for treating chronic back pain? Question 6 (2 points) How might a co-intervention appear in the study described in the abstract below? Pgin. 2019Aug 30. doi: 10.1097fj.pain.0000000000001583. [Epub ahead of print] Effects of open-label placebo on pain. functional disability and spine mobility in chronic back pain patients: a randomized controlled trial. KIeine-Borgmann J1. Schmidt K1, Hellmann A1, mgel U1. Author Information Abstract Chronic back pain Is a major global health problem. while Its treatment Is hampered by a lack of efcacy and restricted safety prole of common front-line therapies. The present trial aims to determine whether a 3-week open-label placebo treatment reduces pain Intensity. and subjective and objective functional disability In chronic back pain patients. This randomized controlled trial. following a pretast-posttest design, enrolled 127 chronic back pain patients (pain duration > 12 weeks) from the Back Pain Center, Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany. Patients randomized to the open-label placebo group received a 3-week open-label placebo treatment. Patients in the treatment as usual group received no Intervention. Both groups continued treatment as usual. Primary outcome was the change In pain Intensity. Secondary outcomes Included patient-reported functional disability. objective measures of spine mobility and depression. anxiety and stress. 12 chronic back pain patients were randomized to the open-label placebo group (N=63) ortreatment as usual group (N=59). Open-label placebo application led to a larger reduction of pain intensity (416210.23 vs. 0.11:0.17, all M 1 SE, p=.001, d=0.44) as well as patient- reported functional disability (3.21:1.59 vs. 0.651115. p=.020. d=0.45) and depression soores(1.0710.55 vs. 0.371039, p=.010, d=-0.50) compared to treatment as usual only. OLP treatment did not affect objective mobility parameters. anxiety and stress. Our study demonstrates that a 3-week open-label placebo treatment is safe. well tolerated and reduces pain. disability and depressive symptoms in chronic back pain. Trial registration: Gannan Clinical Trials Register, DRKSOOO12712. 0 Patients in both treatment groups notice that their symptoms improve over time. 0 Patients in the intervention group must go to a specific hospital pharmacy to pick up their study medication, and the pharmacy has a large poster displaying easy exercises that patients can do at home to manage their back pain. 0 Patients in the intervention group are told to take their study medication daily. 0 Patients in both treatment groups are given information about exercises that patients can do at home to manage their back pain. Effects of open-label placebo on pain, functional disability and spine mobility in chronic back pain patients: a randomized controlled trial. KIeine-Borgmann J1, Schmidt K1, Hellmann A1, mgel U', Author Information Abstract Chronlc back pain is a major global health problem. while Its treatment Is hampered by a lack of ettlcacy and restricted safety prole of common front-line therapies. The present trial aims to determine whether a 3-week open-label placebo treatment reduces pain intensity, and subjective and objective functional disability in chronic back pain patients. This randomized controlled trial, following a pretest-posttest design, enrolled 127 chronic back pain patients (pain duration > 12 weeks) from the Back Pain Center. Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany. Patients randomized to the open-label placebo group received a 3'week open-label placebo treatment. Patients in the treatment as usual group received no Intervention. Both groups continued treatment as usual. Primary outcome was the change in pain intensity. Secondary outcomes Included patient-reported functional disability. objective measures of spine mobility and depression. anxiety and stress. 122 chronic back pain patients were randomized to the open-label placebo group (N=63) or treatment as usual group (N=59). Open-label placebo application led to a larger reduction of pain intensity (0.621023 vs. 0.111017, all M :t: SE. p=.001, d=0.44) as well as patient- repcrted functional disability (32111.59 vs. 0.6511.15. p=.020, d=0.45) and depression scores (-1 710.55 vs. 0.371039, p=.010, d=-0.50) compared to treatment as usual only. OLP treatment did not atfect objective mobility parameters. anxiety and stress. Our study demonstrates that a 3-week open-label placebo treatment is safe. well tolerated and reduces pain. disability and depressive symptoms in chronic back pain. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKSOOO12712. 0 Patients who received an open-label placebo had a statistically significant reduction in back pain, functional disability, and depression as compared to patients who received usual care. O Patients who received pain medication had a statistically significant reduction in back pain, functional disability, and depression as compared to patients who received an open-label placebo. 0 Patients who received an open-label placebo experienced reduced back pain, functional disability, and depression as compared to patients who received their usual care, but the difference was not statistically significant. 0 Patients who received pain medication experienced reduced back pain, functional disability, and depression as compared to patients who received an open-label placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. Question 5 (2 points) A treatment made up of three components: One - time heals. Two - an inert intervention. Three - warm interactions with a health care provider. 0 Open-label O Homeopathy O Chemotherapy 0 Surgery 0 Placebo