1.Which of the following is not a good example of a solute and solvent in solution?AnswersA.

a solution of a liter of water and a gram of salt

B.

a solution of a gram of silver and a milligram of copper

C.

solution of a liter of cold water and a liter of hot water

2.Michelle wants to quickly dissolve powdered drink mix in a pitcher of water. All of the following are ways in which she could increases the rate of dissolution except

Answers

A.

heating the mixture.

B.

stirring the mixture.

C.

adding more powdered drink mix.

Question3.Information about the amount of salt that will dissolve in a liter of water at 20 degrees Celsius would most likely be found in which kind of table?AnswersA.

solubility

B.

polarity

C.

temperature

Question4.Jan added salt to a beaker of water until she could still see salt crystals, even after stirring. This type of solution is calledAnswersA.

an unsaturated solution.

B.

a saturated solution.

C.

a supersaturated solution.

Question5.Which of the following is not a solution?AnswersA.

a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon

B.

a necklace made of copper and gold

C.

a liter of mercury

Question6.Which of these best describes the process of ionization?AnswersA.

Molecules dissolve in water and form charged particles.

B.

Water mixes with oil to form nonpolar solutes.

C.

Positive and negative ions mix with a solved to form a solution.

Question7.Water is called the universal solvent. Which of these statements about water is false?AnswersA.

water is a polar substance

B.

water is a nonpolar substance

C.

pure water is a nonelectrolyte

Question8.A student mixes a solution of sodium chloride and water. She finds that the solution conducts electricity. This means that sodium chloride must beAnswersA.

a nonpolar substance.

B.

an electrolyte.

C.

a solvent.

Question9.Which of the following terms is used to describe a solution that results when both the solute and solvent are solids?AnswersA.

alloy

B.

aqueous solution

C.

surface solution

Question10.Which of the following is not true for a solution?AnswersA.

Solutions are homogeneous.

B.

The density at the top of the solution is the same as at the bottom.

C.

When two substances combine to form a solution, the dissolving always occurs at the same rate.

Question11.Since dissolving depends on collisions between the solute and solvent, increasing the surface area of a solute can increase the collisions between the solute and solvent. If a cube of sugar has the dimensions of 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm, how much surface area does it have?AnswersA.

2 cm³

B.

8 cm²

C.

24 cm²

Question12.If a sugar cube with the dimensions of 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm is cut down the middle to form two rectangular solids (as illustrated in the Applying Math section on page 651 in your textbook) how much new surface area is created?AnswersA.

4 cm²

B.

8 cm²

C.

16 cm²

Question13.Which of the following is not one of the drawbacks of nonpolar solvents?AnswersA.

Many nonpolar solvents are flammable.

B.

Some nonpolar solvents are toxic and hazardous if inhaled.

C.

Nonpolar solvents are used to dissolve oils.

Question14.Use the graph in Figure 9 on page 655 of your textbook to determine the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50C (how many grams would be dissolved in 100 g of water).AnswersA.

120 grams

B.

40 grams

C.

80 grams

Question15.Which of the following is not an acid?AnswersA.

Mg(OH)₂

B.

H₂C₆H₆O₆

C.

H₂SO₄

Question16.Solution A has HCl dissolved with a pH value of 5. Solution B also has HCl dissolved, but has a pH value of 4. Which of the following makes a valid comparison of the two solutions?AnswersA.

Solution A is more acidic than solution B.

B.

Solution B contains twice as much HCl as solution A.

C.

Solution B contains ten times more HCl than solution A.

Question17.Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is the weak acid found in vinegar. Which of the following statements is not true about this acid?AnswersA.

It can produce H₃O⁺ in water solutions.

B.

Most solutions of acetic acid will have pH values above 7.

C.

Equations that show the reaction of acetic acid in water will have both a forward and a reverse arrow.

Question18.Which of the following instruments could tell you how acidic a sample of stream water is?AnswersA.

anemometer

B.

oscilloscope

C.

pH meter

Question19.According to the pH scale, which of the following pH measurements is basic?AnswersA.

7.0

B.

9.5

C.

1.2

Question20.An aqueous solution of which of the following compounds will change universal indicator paper to red?AnswersA.

HCl

B.

NaCl

C.

NaOH

Question21.Lye, a substance used in making soap, has a pH of 13. A substance with a pH of 13 is best described asAnswersA.

acidic.

B.

basic.

C.

neutral.

Question22.An unknown substance in solution is slippery to the touch, dissolves easily in water, and makes red litmus paper turn blue. The substance is most likelyAnswersA.

an acid.

B.

a base.

C.

a salt.

Question23.At the instant of neutralization, what is in the beaker besides water?AnswersA.

acid only

B.

base only

C.

salt only

Question24.Which item is a solution of hydrochloric acid and water?AnswersA.

vitamin C

B.

stomach acid

C.

vinegar

Question25.A change in what property permits certain materials to act as indicators?AnswersA.

acidity

B.

color

C.

concentrations

Question26.What is the pH of pure water at 25C?AnswersA.

5.2

B.

7

C.

14

Question27.Which of the following is not a solution?AnswersA.

mud in a water tank

B.

glass of flat soda

C.

air in a scuba tank

Question28.What can a polar solvent dissolve?AnswersA.

any solute

B.

a polar solute

C.

a nonpolar solute

Question29.Which of the following is the best definition of an organic compound?AnswersA.

most compounds containing the element carbon

B.

a compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

C.

compounds that have the same chemical formulas but different molecular structures

Question30.Proteins have all the following characteristics except that they areAnswersA.

inorganic compounds.

B.

able to fold into different shapes.

C.

found in hemoglobin.

Question31.Mixing alcohols and organic acids will formAnswersA.

water and salt.

B.

water and an ester.

C.

a foul smelling thiol.

Question32.A substituted hydrocarbon has one or more of its _________ atoms replaced by atoms, or groups of atoms of other elements.AnswersA.

carbon

B.

hydrogen

C.

oxygen

Question33.There are over four million organic compounds. The element carbon forms so many compounds becauseAnswersA.

it is easy for carbon to gain four electrons.

B.

carbon atoms readily form ionic bonds with other carbon atoms.

C.

carbon atoms readily form four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question34.Butane and isobutane are isomers. Isomers are compounds withAnswersA.

identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures.

B.

identical molecular structures but different chemical formulas.

C.

identical chemical formulas and molecular structures.

Question35.There are so many different kinds of organic materials because carbonAnswersA.

is a very light element.

B.

has a low melting point.

C.

forms many types of bonds.

Question36.Sugars and starches are part of the group of organic compounds calledAnswersA.

lipids.

B.

carbohydrates.

C.

amino acids.

Question37.Which crude oil fractions are collected at the bottom of a fractionating tower?AnswersA.

high boiling point, many carbon atoms

B.

low boiling point, few carbon atoms

C.

high boiling point, few carbon atoms

Question38.Small molecules from petroleum that can combine with themselves repeatedly to form long chains areAnswersA.

monomers.

B.

polymers.

C.

polystyrenes.

Question39.Which name would be used for a straight-chained hydrocarbon containing 2 carbon atoms?AnswersA.

methane

B.

ethane

C.

butane

Question40.An alloy is a mixture of one or more elements with what kind of properties?AnswersA.

plastic

B.

ceramic

C.

metallic

Question41.Most ceramics have all the following properties exceptAnswersA.

the ability to withstand high temperatures.

B.

brittleness.

C.

malleability.

Question42.Plastics are usually made of what kind of materials?AnswersA.

polymers

B.

ceramics

C.

alloys

Question43.Many modern materials are combinations of other materials. What does doping do?AnswersA.

It changes the electrical conductivity of a metalloid.

B.

It changes the malleability of polymers.

C.

It changes the hardness of alloys.

Question44.Synthetic polymers are usually made fromAnswersA.

hydrocarbons found in fossil fuels.

B.

chemically treated natural fibers.

C.

composites such as fiberglass.

Question45.Joe needs to classify a substance. Through experimentation, he finds that the material is lustrous, malleable, and conducts electricity. Joe therefore identifies the substance as aAnswersA.

polymer.

B.

ceramic.

C.

metallic alloy.

Question46.What property allows brass to be shaped into a musical instrument?AnswersA.

ductility

B.

luster

C.

malleability

Question47.Which property of metals and alloys makes a French horn appear shiny?AnswersA.

conductivity

B.

luster

C.

malleability

Question48.Which group of materials is not classified as synthetic?AnswersA.

ceramics

B.

metal ores

C.

composites

Question49.What class of materials is made from clay, silica, and feldspar?AnswersA.

hydrocarbons

B.

fiberglass

C.

ceramics

Question50.Ceramics are not generally used for makingAnswersA.

fireproof clothing.

B.

crystal glassware.

C.

tooth replacements.