Question
1. Which of the following is NOT an externality associated with the production of electricity from fossil fuels? a soot that is deposited on the
1. Which of the following is NOT an externality associated with the production of electricity from fossil fuels?
a | soot that is deposited on the cars of nearby homeowners |
b | climate damage |
c | respiratory disease caused by air pollution |
d | higher wages as a result of the increase in demand for labour |
2. When average total cost is decreasing as output expands, what can we conclude?
a | that total fixed costs must be increasing |
b | that average variable cost must be falling |
c | that average fixed cost must be increasing |
d | that marginal cost must be less than average total cost |
3. For a perfectly competitive firm in short-run equilibrium, if the price is between AVC and ATC, which of the following can we conclude?
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4. A firm is operating at a scale where diseconomies of scale are present. Why is the firm NOT operating efficiently?
a | The firm is operating at a scale where total fixed costs are not minimized. |
b | The firm is operating at a scale where the average total cost of production is falling as output expands. |
c | The firm has grown so large that average total cost increases as output expands. |
d | The firm is operating at a scale where average fixed costs are not as low as possible. |
5. At her current level of output, a monopolist has an MR of $30, an MC of $26, and an economic profit of zero. If the market demand curve is downward sloping and her marginal cost curve is upward sloping, what can we conclude about the monopolist?
a | She could increase profit by increasing her price. |
b | She is producing at the profit-maximizing level of output. |
c | She should exit the market if significant fixed costs have been incurred. |
d | She could increase profit by increasing output. |
6. How will a profit-maximizing firm in a perfectly competitive market react to a decrease in the short-run market demand curve?
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7. Why are negative externalities difficult to measure in practice?
a | because most external costs are nonpecuniary in nature |
b | because the marginal value of cleaner air is close to zero |
c | because the effects of pollution are subjective in nature |
d | because some resources are owned by society and therefore have no opportunity cost |
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