1) Which of the following is the main lesson that managers can learn from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, as discussed in the text?

a. Employees have different needs that may or may not influence their motivation to performing job-related activities.

b. Employees will be motivated to contribute to organizational goals only if they are able to first satisfy their social, esteem, and self-actualization needs through their work.

c. Employees will be motivated to contribute to organizational goals only if they are able to first satisfy their physiological, security, and social needs through their work.

d. Hygiene factors alone are not enough to influence productivity. Motivational factors must also be present to influence performance.

2) The classical theory of motivation helps to explain which of the following principles?

a. Pay for performance.

b. Happy workers are more productive.

c. All motivation comes from within.

d. Management attention positively influences productivity.

3) A person who believes that his or her input-output ratio is lower than that of some "comparison other" might take which of the following actions?

a. Recommend that the "comparison other" receive a raise

b. Ask for a raise

c. Offer to take a cut in pay

d. Work longer hours

4) What motivates employees to perform on the job is the focus of:

a. Job enlargement

b. Human relations

c. Pay for performance plans

d. Equity theories