1. You want to provide guidance about how to judge the effectiveness of school A and school B. (a) The following table shows the average performance of students on a (b) standardized test (as measured by the percent of questions answered correctly). School A School B 2014 2015 2014 2015 67% 74% 82% 83% 3rd grade 71% 79% 84% 82% Using these results, compute the difference in levels, gains, and changes between school and school B for 4th graders in 2015. Based on your calculations, which school does each method suggest is more effec- tive? The class notes indicate that the method for assessing schools should identify which schools have positive effects on y*, the true knowl- edge / skills / prociency of students attending the school. Explain why this is a desirable feature of an assessment mechanism. In particular, what is undesirable about an assessment mechanism which identies which schools have high values of y* (but do not necessarily improve y*)? Given your answer to 1-b, explain why the \"gains\" or \"changes\" method of assessing schools might be preferable to the \"levels\" method