11. For each of the following statements, indicate whether it is true, false, or uncertain. The Statement True (C), False (F) or Uncertain U) A cost is something used up to produce revenues in a particular accounting period The cost of direct materials is fixed per unit but variable in total Variable costs are direct costs; only fixed costs are indirect costs 12. For each of the following costs incurred in a manufacturing firm, indicate whether the costs are most likely fixed (F) or variable (V) and whether they are most likely product costs (X) or period costs (Y) under full absorption costing. Fixed (F) Product (X) Costs Incurred in a Manufacturing Firm Variable (V) Period (Y) Energy to run machines producing units of output in the factory Depreciation on the building for administrative staff offices Bonuses of top executives in the company Overtime pay for assembly workers Transportation in costs on materials purchased Assembly line workers' wages Sales commissions for sales personnel Administrative support for sales supervisors Controller's office rental Cafeteria costs for the factory 13. For each of the following costs incurred in a manufacturing operation, indicate whether they are included in prime costs (P), conversion costs (C), or both (B). Costs Incurred in a Manufacturing Operation Prime (P) or Conversion (C) or Both (B) Property taxes on the factory Transportation-in costs on materials purchased Assembly line worker's salary Direct materials used in production process Lubricating oil for plant machines