11. Jazzie's Hair Salon, LLC, is a limited liability company. Unless indicated otherwise on the Jazzie's federal tax form, the firm will be taxed as

a. a cooperative.

b. a corporation.

c. a joint venture.

d. a partnership.

12. Rolling Hills Lawn Services, LLC is a limited liability company. Like other LLCs, for federal jurisdictional purposes, Rolling Hills is most likely a citizen of

a. all states.

b. every state in which its members are citizens.

c. no state.

d. only the state in which it was formed.