11. The entry effect refers to: Select one: A. The number of immigrants that end up returning to their heme country. El. The earnings penalty that new immigrants might experience compared to their native counterparts. C. The brain drain. D. The degree to which immigrants' eamings catch up over time to the earnings levels of their native counterparts. E. The number of Canadians who experience job loss because of an inow of immigrants. 12. The consequence of lengthy and demanding entrance procedures to join a craft union or a professional group is to: Select one: A. Shift the labour supply curve to the left. El. Directly raise the wage that union members receive. C. Shift the labour demand curve to the left. D. Shift the labour supply curve to the right. E. Shift the labour demand curve to the right