1.22 A researcher studies the average distance that 130 people living in urban areas in India walk each week. a) What is the size of the sample? b) Identify the population. c) Is this "average" a descriptive statistic or an inferential statistic if it is used to describe the 130 people studied? d) How might you operationalize the average distance walked in 1 week as an ordinal measure? e) How might you operationalize the average distance walked in 1 week as a scale measure? 1.30 Types of variables and the Kentucky Derby: The Kentucky Derby is perhaps the premier event in U.S. horse racing. For each of the following examples from the derby, identify the type of variablenominal, ordinal, or scale. a) As racing fans, we would be very interested in the variable finishing position. One year, a horse called Orb won, followed by Golden Soul in second, and Revolutionary in third. b) We also might be interested in the variable finishing time. Orb won in 2 minutes, 2.89 seconds. c) Derby attendance was 151,616 the year that Orb won, not as high as the record of 165,307 people. d) If we were the betting type, we might examine the variable payoffs. For each $2.00 bet on Orb, a gambler won $12.80. e) We might be interested in the history of the derby and the demographic variables of jockeys, such as gender or race. For example, in the first 28 runnings of the Kentucky Derby, 15 of the winning jockeys were African American. f) In the luxury boxes, high fashion reigns; we might be curious about the variable of hat wearing, observing how many women wear hats and how many do not 1.38 Experimental versus correlational research and culture: A researcher interested in the cultural values of individualistic and collectivist societies collects data on the rate of relationship conflict experienced by 32 people who test high for individualism and 37 people who test high for collectivism. a) Is this research experimental or correlational? Explain. b) What is the sample? c) Write a possible hypothesis for this researcher. How might we operationalize relationship conflict