15. Which of the following is a benefit of budgeting? A. reduces the need for tracking actual cost activity B. sets benchmarks C. does not uncover potential bottlenecks D. discourages planning E. all of these 16. The purpose of the actual results comparison is to: A. evaluate performance reports by managers B. permit managers to reduce the number of unfavorable variances that are reported C. update the static planning budget to reflect the actual level of activity of the period D. reduce the amount of conflict between departments when the master budget is prepared E. none of these 17. When computing variances, the difference between standard price multiplied by actual quantity yields a(n): A. flexible budget B. planning budget C. actual results D. all of these E. none of these 18. When computing standard cost variances, the difference between actual and standard prices yields a(n): A. actual results B. volume variance C. price variance D. quantity variance E. none of these