17. The Federal Reserve uses three tools to achieve their objectives. All of the following are tools the Fed uses to achieve their objectives except: a. Discount Rate. b. Prime Rate. c. Open Market Operations. d. Reserve Requirements.

18. If short term interest rates are expected to decline, then the term structure of interest rates would most likely be: a. Upward Sloping. b. Downward Sloping. c. Shifting Upward. d. Steepening.