17.13 An investment in the Mezzogiorno will receive a subsidized loan of $12 million from the Italian government. The loan bears an interest rate of 7% in contrast to a market rate of 10%. The loan principal must be paid back in 8 years. What is the present value of the interest subsidy?

a) $360,000

b) $1.92 million

c) $2.31 million

d) $870,000