18. (1)Four trends in the past decade have significantly influenced the landscape of global marketing. One of them is

a more aggressive attitude towards initiating international tariffs and quota systems.

the emergence of networked global marketspace.

a decrease in most countries' GDPs and a renewal of nationalism.

an increase in most countries' GDPs coupled with an increased degree of consumer ethnocentrism.

an increase in economic protectionism and a decline free trade.