18.

Explain how transformers work.

19.

How can an induced magnet be made stronger?

	adding more secondary coils
	adding more induction
	adding more primary coils
	there isn't a way to make it stronger

20.

What is the difference between an atomic emission spectrum and an atomic absorption spectrum for a specific gas?

21.

You purchase a bottle of water after entering the security checkpoint in an airport. You begin your flight, open the bottle and drink of the water, reseal it, and then land. Describe what has happened to your bottle between taking off, flying, and landing using thermodynamic terminology. Be sure to include the terms work, pressure, volume, and temperature.

22.

Write out generic mathematical expressions for current and potential difference in a series circuit.

23.

A square boat of area = 2 m² floats on the water with 1 m of boat submerged in the water. Estimate the buoyant force on the boat and the pressure at the bottom of the boat. The density of water is 997 kg/m³.

	Fb = 10,000 N and P = 20,000 Pa
	Fb = 20,000 N and P = 10,000 Pa
	Fb = 30,000 N and P = 20,000 Pa
	Fb = 100 N and P = 200 Pa

24.

What is the electrostatic force between two +1.0 C charges that are 0.5 m apart? (Coulomb's constant is 9.0 10⁹ Nm²/C²; e = -1.602 x 10^-19 C)

	3.6 x 1010 N
	2.0 x 100 N
	4.0 x 100 N
	1.8 x 1010 N

25.

Which of the equations below regarding colors is correct? Choose all that apply.

	black = cyan + magenta + yellow (pigment)
	cyan = yellow + magenta (pigment)
	white = red + green + blue (light)
	red = green + blue (light)

26.

A physics student constantly swings a slinky side to side, with an amplitude of 20 cm. This motion generates a standing wave. How could that standing wave be described?

	antinodes = 40 cm, nodes = 0 cm, wavelength = 1.75
	antinodes = 20 cm, nodes = 0 cm, wavelength = 1.5
	antinodes = 40 cm, nodes = 0 cm, wavelength = 1.5
	antinodes = 20 cm, nodes = 0 cm, wavelength = 1.75

27.

A person stranded on a raft in the ocean bobs up and down on ocean waves every 3 seconds. The unlucky person estimates that they rise and fall a total of about 6 meters. What is the amplitude of the bobbing of the raft?

	6 m
	18 m
	2 m
	3 m

28.

Devise an experiment to measure the spring constant of an untested spring. Be sure to include the words period, displace, oscillation, equilibrium, and mass.

29.

By definition, the work done on a gas or liquid by a gas or liquid, is NOT:

	isothermal
	isovolumetric
	isotoner
	adiabatic

30.

A 15-watt bulb is connected to a circuit that has a total of 60. of resistance. How many electrons are passing through that bulb every second?

31.

A positive test charge is brought near a positively charged ball. Describe what happens to the electric force, electric field, electric potential energy, and electric potential difference as the test charge is brought near.

32.

How long would an instrument which is open at one end have to be in order to hear the 5th harmonic at 4000 Hz on an open tube? Assume the speed of sound is 340 m/s.

	0.11 m
	0.51 m
	0.44 m
	0.21 m

33.

Two objects of differing temperatures are held so that they are in thermal contact with each other. Which situation best describes the scenario?

	cold object transfers heat to hot object/cold object heats up/heat transferred via conduction
	hot object transfers heat to cold object/cold object heats up/heat transferred via conduction
	hot object transfers heat to cold object/cold object heats up/heat transferred via convection
	hot object transfers heat to cold object/cold object cools down/heat transferred via conduction

34.

A pencil is placed +0.5 meters from a curved mirror. The image is recorded to be upside down at +0.8 meters away from the curved mirror. What is the radius of curvature of the mirror?

	1.33 meters
	2.66 meters
	0.8 meters
	0.61 meters

35.

Describe the sound produced by an instrument of length L, that is open at both ends. Be sure to include the terms pitch, frequency, timbre, nodes and antinodes.

36.

An object is to the left of a convex mirror. Describe the two rays needed to indicate the location and height of the image. Additionally, state what side of the mirror the image is on and whether it is real or virtual.

37.

Which type of nuclear reaction are we most reliant upon?

	nuclear fission
	nuclear fusion

38.

A pendulum of length 1.0 meter is set into motion. At point A on the pendulum, it knocks into a mass on a spring and sets the mass in motion. Assuming both the pendulum and the spring have the same period, what is the ratio of

mass

spring constant

?

	0.10
	1.92
	0.56
	10.43

39.

A box of mass 10 kg is connected to a spring and oscillates with an amplitude of 0.1 meters. What is the spring constant?

	10 N/m
	98 N/m
	100 N/m
	980 N/m

40.

Describe the ways you can change a sound wave's pitch. There at least three we have studied this lesson. Describe how the intensity of the sound would change in each of these situations.

41.

Explain the basic workings of an engine. Be sure to discuss the engine in terms of thermodynamic terminology. Give two examples of engines.

42.

Which of the following is an example of charging by friction?

	touching your friend after dragging your feet across the carpet
	rubbing your hair with a rubber balloon
	bringing a charged comb next to a bowl of salt and pepper
	bringing a charged rod in contact with the Earth