18. The table shows the results of a cross tabulation of gender and whether a person is happy in his or her marriage, according to data obtained from a 2011 survey. Complete parts a and b below. Happiness Very Total 294 499 31 344 300 288.11 594 470 969 Pretty Happy Happy 189 Expected Frequency 15.96 177.15 305.89 155 Expected Frequency 15.04 166.85 Not Gender Females Happy 16 Males Total 15 D a. If we carry out a test to determine whether these variables are related, is this a test of independence, homogeneity, or goodness of fit? goodness of fit independence homogeneity b. Do a chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05 to determine whether gender and happiness of marriage are related. Assume that the conditions for the chi-square test have been met. Choose the correct null hypothesis (Ho) and alternative hypothesis (HA). A. Ho: Gender and happiness are related. HA: Gender and happiness are independent. B. Ho: Gender and happiness are independent. HA: Gender and happiness are related. C. Ho: Gender and happiness have a p-value = 0.05. HA: Gender and happiness have a p-value * 0.05. OD. Ho: Gender and happiness have equal proportions. HA: Gender and happiness have non-equal proportions. Calculate the chi-square test statistic. Determine the p-value. p-value = (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Use the p-value found above to form a conclusion. A. Reject Ho and conclude that gender and happiness are related. B. Fail to reject Ho and conclude that gender and happiness are related. C. Fail to reject Ho and conclude that gender and happiness are not related. D. Reject Ho and conclude that gender and happiness are not related.