1a. The idea that an organizations hierarchy should be designed with as few levels of authority as are necessary to use the organizations resources in an efficient and effective manner falls under which of the following principle?

A) centralization

B)span of control

C) the unity of command

D) decentralization

E)minimum chain of command

1B) left-field ideas only work in very small thinly capitalized companies. This is because managers in these smaller companies are forced to take risks associated with left-field ideas in order to compete with much larger companies.

True or false

1C) it has been proven that leaders who encourage diversity of perspectives with a single industrial organization will actually constrain creativity.

True or false