1.Could investor expectations account for much of the volatility in the stock market? Investors adjust their expectations as they receive information, and thanks to technology like hand-held computers and cell phones, receipt of information is nearly instantaneous. Discuss how just the technological changes in the last 10 years have affected the stock market and investors.

2. Your parents are counting on you to tell them when to sell their shares of Walmart or buy more shares. If you had to make a choice among the dividend growth model, constant growth model, or total payout model, which would you choose? Why?

3. What kinds of cultural or ethnic influences can you think of that would affect the way an investor would choose to buy a particular stock or keep it in his/her portfolio despite poor performance?

4. Is technology responsible for efficient markets? Information is literally at your fingertips and everywhere via Twitter, Tweet, Facebook, and YouTube. Given the access to information and the efficient markets hypothesis, then how can arbitrage in stock prices be possible?