1.In her study with undergraduate students, Susan found that there is a negative correlation between the number of hours students spend partying and their overall GPA. This means that ____.

a.those having higher GPA are fun loving individuals.

b.those who spend more time partying tend to have a higher GPA.

c.those who enjoy partying are good at managing their GPA.

d.those who spend more time partying tend to have a lower GPA.

2.Mark conducted a correlational study with Caucasian people between the ages of 22 and 42; he found a statistically significant positive correlation between lack of flossing and dental issues. This means that ____.

a.Caucasians need to practice healthy dental regime.

b.Mark's results are of significant importance.

c.Mark's results are unlikely to have occurred by chance.

d.Mark's results are significantly biased.

3.The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) commonly used to measure depression has a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. This tells us that the ___.

a.convergent validity is high.

b.internal consistency reliability is high.

c.statistical significance is high.

d.scale has strong positive correlation with depression.

4.WSU wants to conduct a study to understand the impact of COVID on students' stress levels among the different ethnic groups. The best way to ensure representativeness of their sample is by using ____.

a.convenience sampling.

b.stratified random sampling.

c.area probability sampling.

d.simple random sampling.

5.Susie creates a survey to measure conscientiousness.To write the items for this survey, she incorporated questions from previously validated scales, and other researchers in her lab who study personality reviewed the final version and agreed that it appeared to be valid.Which kind of validity is this describing?

a.content validity

b.discriminant validity

c.criterion validity

d. convergent validity