1.Is the principal goal of tax planning to absolutely minimize the amount of taxes that a taxpayer must pay? In your post, include an example of how you can minimize your tax liability through tax avoidance, which is a legal method of minimizing taxes within the tax law. Try to add a point to the discussion forum.

Please be original.

Tests to prove intent - Purposeful versus Substantial Certainty Intent 1. What are the tests for intent from Garratt v Dailey? 2. HYPO 1 (Use the tests regarding intent extracted from Garratt v Dailey to resolve this HYPO) Suppose Del Duffus, who is a 6'5", 280 lb. dockworker, is introduced to Tiny Tim, who is 5' tall and weighs 110 lbs. Mr. Duffus shakes Mr. Tim's hand so hard that it dislocates his shoulder. Can Mr. Tim Recover Damages from Mr. Duffus for a Battery? What is Duffus' specific conduct that may be actionable? In other words, What did Duffus do ay expose him to liability for battery? 3. HYPO la. Suppose Mr. Tim suffers from osteoporosis and that Mr. Duffus knows this. Does this change the outcome of hypo 1?Inmfalse: l) Earning a high rate of return with little or no risk is a realistic investment goal. 2) Under current tax laws, most taxpayers will payr a lower tax rate on capital gains than on dividends. 3) Under current [as laws, most taxpayers will pay a lower tax rate on capital gains than on income from wages. 4) Investors can postpone or avoid income taxes by investing through Individual Retirement Accounts. 5) Short-tent: capital gains are taxed at the taxpayer's marginal tax. rate. 6] To qualify for long-tenn capital gains rates. a stock must be held for at least 12 months. T) Retirement plans, such as a 401(k), allow employees to defer taxes on the plan contributions until such time as the funds are withdrawn from the retirement plan. 8) You should spend moneyr on housing. clothing and basic insurance before investing