# 2 [37.22] A steel beam of length L = 1.5 m and cross section [25 mm 50 mm] is fixed at the left end and attached to a vertical spring of stiffness 1 kN/m at the right end. Determine the buckling load if the beam can buckle in-plane or out-of-plane. What value of spring stiffness would make the in-plane and out-of-plane modes equally ikely? Hint: the effect of the spring is a shear force V = -KUL].