Case Study #1 Mr. Smith, a 72-year-old retired construction worker, has been smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for the last 50 years. His wife has taken him into your clinic and says that he has been complaining of extreme fatigue. She states that he can hardly walk half of a block without feeling that he is going to fall down. His wife also says that he is incoherent most of the time. Physical Exam Temperature 08.6 F Heart rate = 120 bpm (normal 60-100 bpm) Respiratory rate = 40 breaths per min (normal 12-18 breaths per min) %3D Arterial Blood Gas Arterial blood was drawn and sampled, revealing the following values: Test pH pCO, pO, Hemoglobin - O, saturation [HCO] Normal values 7.35-7.45 35-45 mm Hg 80-100 mm Hg Mr. Smith's values 7.30 50 mm Hg 56 mm Hg 45 % >95% 22-26 meq / iter 24 meg/liter Mr. Smith's chest looks like this. Questions: 1. Mr. Smith's heart rate is 120 bpm and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths/min. a. Explain with some physiological detail why his heart rate is elevated. b. Explain with some detail why his respiratory rate Is high. Mr. Smith's chest X-ray is shown below Mr. Smith Normal Lateral view (norma.) Mr. Smith 2. Does Mr. Smith have pneumonia? Explain. 3. What condition is Mr. Smith suffering from (name the disease)? Explain your diagnosis. 4. Explain how this condition affects his lung tissue. How does smoking contribute to his condition? 5. How would you classify Mr. Smith's acld-base status? Respiralory Aciidosis/Respiralory Alkalosis/Metabolic Acidoais/Metabolic Alkaloeis 6. How did Mr. Smith's condition cause this acid-base imbalance? 7. How would the kidneys try to compensate for Mr. Smith's acid-base imbalance? 2.