2. In Roman mythology Mars (the god of war) had two attendants, Phobos (fear) and Deimos (panic). This is the origin of the names for the two moons of the planet Mars. Phobos has a mass of 1.08x1016 kg and an average radius of 1.35x10* m, while Deimos has a mass of 1.8x1015 kg and an average radius of 7.5x103 m. a. Calculate the gravitational field strength at the surface of each moon. (2) b. Calculate the force of gravity that would act on an astronaut with a total mass of 107 kg on the surface of each moon. (2) 3. A van de Graaff generator is a machine that can put large quantities of charge on the metal globe on its top surface. During the winter months, when the air inside buildings is very dry, the globe on top of a van de Graaff generator can hold significant quantities of charge. For this question, consider that charge to be + 5.5x10-6 C. a. Calculate the number of electrons that were moved to produce this charge and determine whether these electrons were added or removed from the large metal globe. (2) b. Calculate the strength of the electric field at the following distances from the centre of the large metal globe. (4) i. 40 cm ii. 80 cm iii. 120 cm iv. 160 cm4. Sketch a simple diagram of a DC electric motor. Label all the key parts. (4) 5. Sketch a simple diagram of an AC generator. Label all the key parts. (4) 6. Explain the differences between the output of a DC generator and the output of an AC generator. Use voltage-versus-time graphs to aid in your explanation. (4) DC Generator AC Generator.7. With the aid of diagrams, describe how each of the following instruments is properly connected for taking measurements. a. voltmeter is always connected in parallel with the component being measured (2) ammeter is always connected in series with the component being measured. (2) c. ohmmeter is always connected across the component being measured. The component should be disconnected from the circuit for this measurement to be made.(2) 8. A car speaker is connected to an AC circuit within the amplifier that supplies the speaker with 20.0 V. Consider the speaker to have a constant resistance of 4.0 W for all parts of this question. a. Calculate the electric current that flows through the speaker. (2) b. Use your answer to question 17.a. to determine the power rating of this speaker. (2) C. Use your answers to questions 17.a. and 17.b. to determine the electrical energy that is supplied to the speaker during 10.0 min of operation. Answer in joules. (2) 9. The first task is to build a circuit that will incorporate all three resistors and use the minimum amount of electrical energy from the battery pack. /olt a. Sketch a schematic diagram of this circuit. Be sure to include how the meter would be used to measure the current through all three resistors and the voltage across each of the three resistors. (2) 1= IS, b. Using the data provided, calculate the total resistance for the resistors in your circuit. (2) 2 = ms c. The current flowing through all 3 resistors is? (2) 3 = ms 10. Transformers play a critical role in the transmission and distribution of electricity.10. Transformers play a critical role in the transmission and distribution of electricity. Sketch a simple diagram that shows the basic parts of a transformer. (2) With the aid of diagrams, illustrate how a step-up transformer differs from a step-down transformer. (2) 11. Explain why electrical energy is distributed through transmission cables with very high voltage and why this system is designed to run with alternating current. (2) 12. The doorbell of a home requires 10.0 V to operate. A transformer is used to connect the doorbell to a 120-V circuit within the home. The doorbell transformer has 500 turns on the primary coil and supplies the doorbell with 900 mA of current. a. Determine whether the transformer features a step-up or step-down design. (1) b. Calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil. (2) c. Calculate the current that is drawn from the 120-V household circuit to operate the doorbell. (2)