2. Indicate whether each statement below is describing a mediation hypothesis, a third-variable argument, or a moderator result. First, identify the key bivariate relationship. Next, decide whether the extra variable comes between the two key variables or is causing the two key variables simultaneously. Then draw a sketch of each explanation, following the examples in Figure 9.14Sibling aggression is associated with poor childhood mental health only because of parental conflict. Sibling aggression is more likely among parents who argue frequently, and arguing also affects kids' mental health

Third-variable Problem Mediation Moderation Two variables are correlated, Definition Why are two variables Are there certain groups or but only because they are related? situations for which the two variables both linked to a third variable, are more strongly related? is related to Example A , is related to B A is related to B A B but only because for one type because of C but C not for the leads which other type of c A is related leads to to A B C C type 1 : AF - B Is related to C type 2 : A B B Example Becoming Parents desensitized discuss TV Viewing r= .10 Aggressive Viewing to violence content violent TV behavior violent TV with kids Having lenient No parents Viewing Aggressive Viewing r= .35* Aggressive behavior violent TV Aggressive violent TV parental discussion behavior behavior Sentence Level of desensitization Parental discussion moderates the mediates the relationship relationship between TV violence The relationship between between TV violence and and aggressive behavior. Children viewing violent TV and aggressive behavior. are more vulnerable when parents do aggressive behavior may be not discuss TV violence with them. attributable to the third variable of parental leniency FIGURE 9.14 Mediation, moderation, and third variables. How are they different? (*p