2. Net present value (NPV) The capital budgeting process is comprehensive and is based on certain assumptions, models, and benchmarks. This process often begins with a project analysis. Generally, the first step in a capital budgeting project analysiswhich occurs before any evaluation method is applied-involves estimating the Evaluating cash flows with the NPV method The net present value (NPV) rule is considered one of the most common and preferred criteria that generally lead to good investment decisions. Consider this case: Suppose Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc. is evaluating a proposed capital budgeting project (project Alpha) that will require an initial investment of $500,000. The project is expected to generate the following net cash flows: Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Cash Flow $325,000 450,000 500,000 500,000 Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc.'s weighted average cost of capital is 9%, and project Alpha has the same risk as the firm's average project. Based on the cash flows, what is project Alpha's net present value (NPV)? (Note: Do not round your intermediate calculations.) $1,054,809 $917,225 $1,100,670 $1,417,225 Making the accept or reject decision Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc.'s decision to accept or reject project Alpha is independent of its decisions on other projects. If the firm follows the NPV method, it should project Alpha. Suppose your boss has asked you to analyze two mutually exclusive projects-project A and project B. Both projects require the same investment amount, and the sum of cash inflows of Project A is larger than the sum of cash inflows of project B. A coworker told you that you don't need to do an NPV analysis of the projects because you already know that project A will have a larger NPV than project B. Do you agree with your coworker's statement? No, the NPV calculation will take into account not only the projects' cash inflows but also the timing of cash inflows and outflows. Consequently, project B could have a larger NPV than project A, even though project A has larger cash inflows. Yes, project A will always have the largest NPV, because its cash inflows are greater than project B's cash inflows. No, the NPV calculation is based on percentage returns, so the size of a project's cash flows does not affect a project's NPV. oject analysis-which occurs before any e revenues from all new projects revenues from all new projects cas project's expected cash flows ent company's net income neo tl yoou UCIJUTTU I th you d pr accept ets reject It A