2. Read these short fact patterns (loosely based on true stories) and determine whether there is a cause of action for either defamation or misuse of private information were the claims brought in the UK. Be sure to rely on case law.

a. A well-known celebrity wrote several personal letters to her estranged father, mailed through the post. The father sold the story to a newspaper, which published scanned copies of the handwritten letters in full.

b. A chess grand master claimed on a national broadcast that a younger, very successful competitor had been cheating in professional matches and that was the only way he could win any games at all. The younger player was then uninvited from competitive matches with monetary prizes, despite his claims he had never cheated in an 'over board' (in-person) game. Upon leaving a friendly match the next week, the chess grand master told the younger player the only reason he wasn't kicked out of the profession for cheating was because he was sleeping with members of the regulatory board. Several other players heard the accusation.

c. A tabloid photographer uses a long-range lens to take pictures of a female member of the royal family, sunbathing topless at a private chateau. Their employer publishes the photos in the tabloid magazine.

d. A famous singer has taken his 6-month-old twin babies for a walk down to their local coffee shop. The singer has been vigilant about trying to keep photos out of the press and has not shared any details about the babies publicly. A freelance photographer found out he often walked the babies there, so had staked out the location, and waited in her car. She secretly took close up photos of the babies' faces and sold the photos to a national tabloid, which published the photos as an exclusive story. The freelancer claimed the photos were in the public interest.