2) Take a representative sample of 200 men and 200 women. To your surprise you find that the average hours of sleep per night for men and women were the same as before! They were 7.1 hours (s = 0.9) for men and 6.9 hours (s = 0.9) for women. Use the sleep study below to answer the following questions.

(PLEASE DONT WRITE ON A PIECE OF PAPER IN YOUR ANSWER)

gender	hours
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	5.8
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.9
Male	6.2
Male	8.5
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	7.8
Male	5
Male	8
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	4.9
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8
Male	7.1
Male	7.7
Male	7.3
Male	7.1
Male	5
Male	8
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	5.9
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	6
Male	8
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	6.5
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	6
Male	9
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	5.7
Male	9
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	5.4
Male	9
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.1
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	6.7
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	6
Male	7.1
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8.2
Male	5.6
Male	8.5
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	6
Male	8.3
Male	7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	8
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7.1
Male	6.2
Male	8
Male	5.6
Male	8.2
Male	7.1
Male	7.3
Male	7
Male	7.1
Male	7
Male	8
Male	8.7
Male	6.5
Male	6.9
Male	7.1
Male	5.6
Male	7.1
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	5.6
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	7.6
Female	4.8
Female	7.8
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8.7
Female	4.7
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	7.5
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	4.8
Female	7.8
Female	8.7
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	5.7
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.5
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.8
Female	7.8
Female	8.5
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8.3
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.3
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.8
Female	8.8
Female	8.5
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.5
Female	8.8
Female	8.5
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.6
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.5
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.2
Female	8.8
Female	8.5
Female	6.3
Female	5.9
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.8
Female	6.9
Female	8.5
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	8.3
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	7.3
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	8
Female	5.4
Female	7.8
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	5.8
Female	8.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	6.9
Female	5.4
Female	7.8
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.9
Female	6
Female	7.8
Female	5.4
Female	8
Female	6.9
Female	7.1
Female	6.8
Female	6.9
Female	6.8
Female	7.8
Female	7.5
Female	6.3
Female	6.7
Female	7.1
Female	5.4
Female	6.9

A) Use R Studio to calculate the test statistic.

B) What is the p-value? Interpret the result in context.

C) Do you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis at a 95% confidence level? Interpret the result in context.

D) Why is this result different from the result you got in Question 1 even though the averages and standard deviations were the same? Explain your thinking.