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2. What is the definition of a \"confounder\"? (a)A third variable that influences both exposure and treatment (b)The treatment effect is different for different levels of the confounder (c)The treatment effect cannot be separated from a confounder due to correlation.<\/p>", "transcribed_text": "", "related_book": { "title": "Introduction to Management Science", "isbn": "132751917, 978-0132751919", "edition": "11th Edition", "authors": "Bernard W. Taylor", "cover_image": "https:\/\/dsd5zvtm8ll6.cloudfront.net\/si.question.images\/book_images\/300.jpg", "uri": "\/textbooks\/introduction-to-management-science-11th-edition-300", "see_more_uri": "" }, "free_related_book": { "isbn": "B0CV6NBW2C", "uri": "\/textbooks\/the-power-of-commercial-reit-investing-a-guide-for-beginners-to-advanced-using-low-risk-reit-investment-strategies-for-passive-income-stability-and-financial-freedom-1st-edition-979-8876395771-254174", "name": "The Power Of Commercial Reit Investing A Guide For Beginners To Advanced Using Low Risk Reit Investment Strategies For Passive Income Stability And Financial Freedom", "edition": "1st Edition" }, "question_posted": "2024-06-11 13:13:11", "see_more_questions_link": "\/study-help\/questions\/sciences-statistics-2024-March-08", "step_by_step_answer": "The Answer is in the image, click to view ...", "students_also_viewed": [ { "url": "\/valdez-issues-450000-of-13-fouryear-bonds-dated-january-1-2017", "description": "Valdez issues $450,000 of 13%, four-year bonds dated January 1, 2017, that pay interest semiannually on June 30 and December 31. They are issued at $493,608, and their market rate is 10% at the issue...", "stars": 3 }, { "url": "\/study-help\/understanding-business-ethics\/whats-the-definition-of-management-used-in-this-chapter-1699060", "description": "Whats the definition of management used in this chapter?", "stars": 3 }, { "url": "\/study-help\/introduction-to-probability-statistics\/227-social-insurance-numbers-the-data-below-show-the-last-1980972", "description": "2.27 Social Insurance Numbers The data below show the last digit of the social insurance number for a group of 70 students. a. The distribution of this data is relatively \"flat,\" with each different...", "stars": 3 }, { "url": "\/the-following-information-is-available-for-two-different-types-of-187627", "description": "The following information is available for two different types of businesses for the 2013 accounting period. 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