2009 Family Income in Six Cities 100 80 Income (in $1000s) 0 20 40 60 Ottawa Toronto London Windsor Sudbury ThunderBay Cities 2009 Family Income in Six Cities ThunderBay Sudbury Windsor London Toronto o Ottawa o 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Income (in $1000s) 8. Consider the closing price data in EuStockMarkets, a data set that is built in to R. (a) Closing prices often have trends which can be removed by taking successive dif- ferences using the diff() function, yielding what are called "returns". Create a vector called returns1 which contains the successive differences of the first column of EuStockMarkets. (3 points) (b) Plot a histogram of the data in returns1, using the scott breaks and then using the fd breaks. Which procedure gives smaller binwidths? (3 points) (c) Based on the histograms that you have plotted, would you say that the returns symmetrically distributed or highly skewed to the right or to the left? (1 points) 5. Suppose x = 100 and y=99. Find the true value of (2 points) (28 y8) (196059601)(19801)(199) 16 6. Tom started to work in IBM on July 5, 1999. David started on December 12, 2003. How many days did Tom start earlier than David? Using R to solve this question. (4 points) 7. Enter the following numeric data on 2009 family income (in $1000s) for 6 Ontario cities into a 1 row matrix called income. Assign the city names to colnames (income). Con- struct a bar plot and dot plot for this data set as shown below. (8 points) Ottawa Toronto London Windsor Sudbury ThunderBay 93.07 66.79 70.16 67.22 75.24 72.96 2009 Family Income in Six Cities 100 80 Income (in $1000s) 0 20 40 60 Ottawa Toronto London Windsor Sudbury ThunderBay Cities 2009 Family Income in Six Cities ThunderBay Sudbury Windsor London Toronto o Ottawa o 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Income (in $1000s) 8. Consider the closing price data in EuStockMarkets, a data set that is built in to R. (a) Closing prices often have trends which can be removed by taking successive dif- ferences using the diff() function, yielding what are called "returns". Create a vector called returns1 which contains the successive differences of the first column of EuStockMarkets. (3 points) (b) Plot a histogram of the data in returns1, using the scott breaks and then using the fd breaks. Which procedure gives smaller binwidths? (3 points) (c) Based on the histograms that you have plotted, would you say that the returns symmetrically distributed or highly skewed to the right or to the left? (1 points) 5. Suppose x = 100 and y=99. Find the true value of (2 points) (28 y8) (196059601)(19801)(199) 16 6. Tom started to work in IBM on July 5, 1999. David started on December 12, 2003. How many days did Tom start earlier than David? Using R to solve this question. (4 points) 7. Enter the following numeric data on 2009 family income (in $1000s) for 6 Ontario cities into a 1 row matrix called income. Assign the city names to colnames (income). Con- struct a bar plot and dot plot for this data set as shown below. (8 points) Ottawa Toronto London Windsor Sudbury ThunderBay 93.07 66.79 70.16 67.22 75.24 72.96