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2022 article in The Lancet, Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomized, controlled trial. As
2022 article in The Lancet, \"Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomized, controlled trial\". As in problem 2 from Homework 2, a total of 806 participants with chronic heart failure were randomly assigned to a low sodium diet (n=397) or usual care (n=409). Median age of the participants was 67 years old. Within 1 year after randomization, 22 participants in the low sodium diet group died and 17 in the usual care group died. Assume all participants were followed for a year after randomization (unless they died). a) (*1 point) If there is no association between treatment (low sodium diet or usual care) and 1-year mortality, what would be the expected number of people who would die Within 1 year if they were assigned to the low sodium diet? b) (*1 point) What are the degrees of freedom for the chisquare test of association between treatment and 1-year mortality? c) (*1 point) The chi-square statistic for a test of association between treatment and 1- year mortality is 0.6. The corresponding p-value is 0.45. What is the most appropriate conclusion regarding the association between treatment and 1-year mortality based on the information in the problem statement and the chisquare test? Use a signicance level of 0.05. Choose the best answer: i) There is a statistically signicant association between treatment and 1-year mortality. ii) There is not enough evidence at the 0.05 level to conclude there is an association between treatment and 1-year mortality. iii) Treatment is not associated with 1-year mortality. iv) Treatment is associated with a statistically significant lower risk of 1-year mortality. v) Treatment is associated with a statistically signicant higher risk of 1-year mortality
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