21.A researcher hypothesized that an increase in stress at work was caused by an increase in consumption of alcohol. Further research found that increased consumption of alcohol was caused by increased work stress. This is an example of

a. a presumed cause-and-effect relationship

b. a cause-and-effect relationship

c. a reverse cause-and-effect relationship

d. an accidental cause-and-effect relationship

22.When developing an exam schedule, the following data were collected from the grade 12 students:

90 students study Advanced Functions

42 students study Math of Data Management

53 students study Calculus & Vectors

23 students study Advanced Functions and Math of Data Management

25 students study Calculus & Vectors and Advanced Functions

15 student study Math of Data Management and Calculus & Vectors

8 students study all three grade 12 math courses

79 students did not study any of these grade 12 math courses

How many students were studying exactly two of the grade 12 math courses?

a.39

b.55

c.63

d.47

23.The correlation coefficient for weed growth in a lake and temperature was found to be 0.915. The scatter plot for the data would have

a. dots tightly clustered around a line sloping upward to the right

b. an array of dots with no discernible pattern to them

c.a cluster of dots in the middle of the graph

d. dots clustered around a line sloping upward to the left

24.Which set of data would probably show a strong negative linear correlation?

a. scores on a mathematics test and the number of hours spent studying for it

b. heights volleyball players can jump and the strength of their leg muscles

c. resale values of computers and their ages

d. numbers of people at a water park and the air temperature

25.An outlier is a data point that

a. should sometimes be left out of a statistical analysis

b. may be an abnormal result

c. may significantly affect the calculation of the correlation coefficient

d. all of the above

Question 26 Given #- 124.5 and a- 15.8, the datum 136 has z-score ( a) 0.73 ( b) 0.05 O c) -0.05 O d) -0.73Question 27 In a medical study on the maximum heart rates of cardiac patients in a two-minute stress test, two groups had the following summary statistics. Group A: median = 145 beats/min, interquartile range = 9.0 beats/min Group B: median = 148.5 beats/min, interquartile range = 10.0 beats/min Which comparison is correct? ( a) Members of Group A had faster heartbeats and less variation than Group B. ( b) Members of Group A had faster heartbeats and more variation than Group B. c) Members of Group A had slower heartbeats and more variation than Group B. ( d) Members of Group A had slower heartbeats and less variation than Group B.Question 28 (Mandatory) (1 point) How many paths spell COMMERCE? C O O M M M M M M M E E E R R C C C E E E a) 44 ( b) 55 O d 8 O d) 80Question 29 (Mandatory) (1 point) A university polled 500 of its students, randomly selecting them proportional to the number of students enrolled in each degree program. Classify the sampling method. O a) simple random Ob) convenience O c) voluntary response O d) systematic Oel stratified Question 30 (Mandatory) (1 point) Which of the following pairs of events are dependent? O a) rolling doubles with two dice; rolling an even sum with two dice O b) dealing a king from a standard deck; spinning a 3 on a spinner O c) rolling a die; dealing a card from a standard deck O d) rolling a 6 on one die; rolling a 6 on a second die