22. If South Africa's economy achieves allocative efficiency, it implies that: a. X-inefficiency must be Pareto optimal b. Economic inefficiency in consumption must occur such that no allocation of commodities can decrease the utility of either of three consumers c. producers and consumers achieve disequilibrium simultaneously d. the economy is operating at a point on its contract curve 23. Which of the following statements is correct? a. All economic efficiencies other than allocative inefficiency are X-efficiency. b. Allocative inefficiency refers to a situation where resources are allocated efficiently c. X-inefficiency is maximised when resourced are allocated d. X-inefficiency covers economic inefficiencies that are allocatively inefficient 24. Which of the following statements is correct? a. externalities are pathological when they have an indirect effect on the level of production or consumption of the other party b. A positive external effect occurs where the marginal external benefit is less than zero and the marginal cost benefit exceeds the marginal social benefit. c. A positive external effect occurs where the marginal external benefit is greater than zero and the marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal private benefit d. externalities are negative when the actions of an individual producer or consumer confer a positive benefit on another party free of charge